A gastrectomy is a surgical procedure that removes part or all of your stomach. Your intestines then are connected to the remaining stomach or your esophagus. According to Medline Plus, this procedure is used to treat bleeding, inflammation, polyps and non-cancerous tumors. Vitamin B-12 deficiency is a common side effect of surgeries that alter your digestive system.
B-12 Significance
Vitamin B-12 is part of a group of B vitamins known as B complex. Your body uses B-12 for healthy red blood cell production, DNA synthesis, neurological function and tissue repair. B-12 also helps your body turn food into fuel and is needed for your nervous system to function properly. Unlike other water-soluble vitamins, your liver has the capacity to store about two years' worth of B-12.
Gastrectomy Risk
Having a gastrectomy increases your risk of B-12 deficiency because important processes take place in your stomach that help your body absorb B-12. Your stomach acid breaks down protein and cells in your stomach secrete a protein called intrinsic factor. In your intestines, pancreatic enzymes digest the protein and release B-12. Intrinsic factor binds to the released B-12, which allows for blood absorption. Having all or part of your stomach removed can affect your ability to produce intrinsic factor.
B-12 Deficiency
B-12 deficiency can cause anemia, or a low red blood cell count. Red blood cells transport oxygen-rich blood from your lungs throughout your body and carbon dioxide from your body to your lungs, where it is exhaled. A low red blood cell count deprives your tissues and organs of oxygen. You might experience fatigue, low mood, pale skin and sore tongue. You also might experience numbness in your hands or feet, as B-12 deficiency can cause neurological damage.
Treatment
Your doctor will discuss the risk of B-12 deficiency associated with having a gastrectomy. You typically will require long-term B-12 supplementation. B-12 supplements that do not require digestion through your stomach often can help you maintain normal B-12 levels. These include B-12 nasal sprays, high dose sublinguals, dermal patches and injections. Dermal patches are worn on your skin for up to 72 hours, while the nutrient slowly absorbs into your blood. Sublingual supplements are absorbed through the vessels under your tongue.
Member Comments