Hypothyroidism occurs when your thyroid does not produce adequate levels of thyroid hormone. The thyroid hormones are involved in many of your body's basic processes, including regulating your metabolism, body temperature and cognition. Signs of hypothyroidism can include unexplained weight gain, fatigue, feeling cold and experiencing memory loss. People with hypothyroidism should follow a healthy diet low in fat and rich in nutrients like everyone else. A proper diet for hypothyroidism may include a few minor modifications.
Zinc
Zinc is a nutrient that factors into many of your body's operations including proper function of your thyroid. Some of the symptoms of low zinc levels are similar to those you experience with low thyroid function such as dry skin and mood changes. The Linus Pauling institute recommends that you consume 8 to 11 mg of zinc daily for overall health, which includes normal thyroid function. Food sources of zinc include poultry, beef, pork, almonds, peanuts, milk, chickpeas and baked beans.
Iodine
Keep your iodine levels stable to minimize symptoms of hypothyroidism. The American Thyroid Association states that consuming too much iodine can lead to lower-than-normal levels of thyroid hormone production, but that not getting enough iodine may also affect thyroid function. The daily recommended iron intake for adults is 150 micrograms, but that amount jumps to between 220 and 290 micrograms for pregnant women and nursing mothers. Foods rich in iodine include turkey breast, cod, shrimp, boiled eggs, milk and potatoes with the peel intact. When cooking with salt, choose iodized varieties to boost your levels if needed.
Fiber
Fiber is a important part of a healthy diet for most people, but if you have hypothyroidism and are taking synthetic hormones, you may need to watch your fiber intake. Too much fiber can interfere with normal absorption of your thyroid medication, making the drug less effective. The Harvard School of Public Health estimates that the average person only consumes 15 g of fiber daily, but needs 30 to 35 g. If you follow a high fiber diet and have hypothyroidism, check with your doctor to determine if your intake interferes with your medication.
Interactions
The American Thyroid Association suggests taking thyroid medications when you first awaken in the morning, on an empty stomach. Several foods that you may eat as part of your normal diet could interact with the drug including soy flour, walnuts and iron or calcium supplements. If taking your medicine without food is not possible, avoid eating these foods within two hours of taking your synthetic thyroid hormones.
References
- MayoClinic.com; Hypothyroidism Diet: Can Certain Foods Increase Thyroid Function?; Todd B. Nippoldt; November 2010
- Harvard School of Public Health: The Nutrition Source: Fiber: Start Roughing It!
- American Thyroid Association: Thyroid Hormone Replacement
- MedlinePlus; Zinc; February 2011
- Linus Pauling Institute; Zinc; Jane Higdon; December 2003
- American Thyroid Association: Hypothyroidism Brochure
