Cod liver oil -- with its high levels of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D and vitamin A -- is good for the health of both men and women. The substances help the body in a number of ways, from improved heart health to better bone density. Always follow the recommended doses and speak with your doctor before taking cod liver oil if you're on any other medication.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A features in many crucial bodily functions, not least cell repair and development. It also plays a part in the reproductive ability of both men and women as it helps with testicular and ovarian health. Doctors measure the retinol equivalent when it comes to vitamin A as this is the active substance. Women should get at least 800 mcg of vitamin A RAE, while men require at least 1,000 mcg per day. A 1 tsp. dose of cod liver oil contains 1,350 mcg of vitamin A RAE, making it a particularly rich source of retinol.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D helps keep bones healthy in men and women. As you age, your bone density decreases. This puts elderly people at particular risk of bone fractures due to osteoporosis, a weakening of the bones. Vitamin D helps your body absorb more calcium, a vital ingredient for strong teeth and bones in both sexes. The Office of Dietary Supplements suggests a daily value for vitamin D of 400 IU. A 1 tsp. dose of cod liver oil contains around 450 IU.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Cod liver oil contains two particularly beneficial omega-3 fatty acids known as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. These fatty acids help reduce levels of harmful triglycerides in the blood -- substances associated with diabetes and heart disease. Growing evidence also points to omega-3 acids aiding health in a range of ways, from reducing blood pressure to lowering the risk of a stroke. The chance of developing any of these conditions increases as you age. While both sexes may experience heart attacks, men are at particular risk.
Women and Menopause
Cod liver oil may help women during menopause. In particular, menopausal women are more likely to develop osteoporosis. Cod liver oil, possibly combined with evening primrose oil, appears to decrease the rate of bone loss, notes MedlinePlus. Similarly, women could be at greater risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. Traditionally, cod liver oil is associated with supple joints. The anti-inflammatory nature of omega-3 and vitamin A, combined with the bone-strengthening properties of vitamin D means that this has some basis in fact.
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