Cayenne pepper, also known as Capsicum annuum, has been utilized for its medicinal and flavoring qualities for 9,000 years. This pepper is characterized by its distinct spicy flavor, and as a medicine it is used both externally and internally to treat a wide variety of conditions. The University of Maryland Medical Center reports the active compounds within cayenne may be used for pain control, psoriasis, weight loss and headaches. While herbal remedies are primarily based in folklore, several studies prove the effectiveness of cayenne for several medical ailments.
Pain Reduction
The primary active compound within cayenne is known as capsaicin, and the University of Maryland Medical Center states this chemical is able to temporarily inhibit the production of substance P. This substance is a naturally occurring chemical in the brain responsible for transferring pain messages. By depleting this chemical, pain messages are temporarily hindered, thus eliminating pain when applied topically. The external use of capsaicin is recommended for low back pain and postsurgical pain, as well as nerve damage pain caused by diabetes.
Psoriasis
The National Psoriasis Foundation defines psoriasis as a chronic skin disease possibly caused by a damaged immune system and genetic makeup. While the exact cause of psoriasis is under debate, this condition results in rapid skin cell growth. As of 2011, there is no cure for psoriasis; however, treatment plans are designed to reduce the pain and discomfort associated with this condition. A study published in the journal "Pain" outlines a double-blind study where 44 patients were given a capsaicin ointment to be placed on one side of their bodies, while a placebo ointment was applied on the other side. At the conclusion of the study, the areas where capsaicin was applied showcased a significant reduction in erthema and scaling. The University of Maryland Medical Center backs up this claim, stating capsaicin cream may reduce inflammation and itching associated with this skin condition.
Cluster Headaches
Cluster headaches are defined as severe and sudden headaches occurring on one side of the head. A study published in the "Journal of the American Academy of Dermatologists" was conducted by the University La Sapienza Institute of Internal Medicine VI in Rome, Italy, where 52 participants were given a nasal spray containing capsaicin. At the conclusion of this study, researchers found the nasal application of capsaicin is an effective treatment option for those suffering chronic and episodic cluster headaches. While effective, only perform this treatment under the direct supervision of your physician.
Warnings
Speak with your doctor prior to starting an internal or external treatment plan with cayenne. When applying cayenne externally, apply a small amount on your skin and wait several hours to determine if an allergic reaction will occur. While capsaicin causes a slight burning sensation upon contact, these sensations will dissipate after several minutes. If excessive burning is experienced, wipe the area with vinegar to remove the substance; do not use water, as capsaicin is water-resistant. Those currently on medications such as ACE inhibitors, aspirin, blood-thinning medications and stomach acid reducers should consult with their physician prior to starting an internal cayenne treatment as this herb may cause adverse interactions.
References
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Cayenne
- "Pain"; Preventative Effect of Repeated Nasal Applications of Capsaicin in Cluster Headache; B.M. Fusco, et al.; December 1994
- "Journal of the American Academy of Dermatologists"; Effects of Topically Applied Capsaicin on Moderate and Severe Psoriasis Vulgaris; J.E. Bernsetin, et al.; September 1986
- National Psoriasis Foundation: Frequently Asked Questions
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