When your baby is born, he'll have weak neck muscles that require your constant support. Some babies are born with, or can develop, torticollis, a condition where the neck develops in a twisted manner. While torticollis isn't painful, your doctor will likely have you perform neck stretches on a daily basis to gently stretch and reposition the neck muscles. Otherwise, neck stretches can be a beneficial part of your baby's growth and development.
Potential Problems
While your baby's neck will naturally become stronger as she ages, acquired torticollis can occur after your baby is born. Often the result of your baby's natural urge to position the head to one side, stretching may be the answer for reducing torticollis symptoms and strengthening your baby's neck symptoms. If your doctor has recommended neck stretches as a way to combat congenital or acquired torticollis, follow his instructions perfectly. You may need to see a pediatric physical therapist until the problem is resolved.
Neck Development
For the first few months of life, you'll notice that your baby lacks any strength in the neck. This is because infants are naturally weak and the need for constant support is completely normal. In fact, you shouldn't begin neck stretches -- unless otherwise directed by your pediatrician -- until 3 to 4 months of age, when your baby will gain some head control. While the neck will still be weak, your baby should be strong enough to stretching and strengthening his neck.
Tummy Time
Tummy time -- where your baby is laid on her tummy while supervised -- is recommended after 3 to 4 months of age. Tummy time allows your baby to explore new colors and sounds while on her tummy. She'll naturally want to raise her head to look around the room, which helps to stretch and strengthen her neck muscles in a natural and organic way. You can perform tummy time on the floor or on your own belly but ensure that you're supervising at all times and avoid allowing your baby to fall asleep on her tummy, which is discouraged by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Other Stretches
Besides performing doctor-recommended torticollis stretches, which usually involve gently manipulating the head and neck, you can find a variety of ways to help strengthen your baby's neck muscles. For example, allowing your baby to sit on your lap rather than over your shoulder gives him an opportunity to observe his surroundings and practice neck control. If you do carry your infant over your shoulder, switch sides regularly to avoid a preference for one side or lay your baby on his belly on the floor and drag a colorful toy in front of him to encourage him to turn his neck to watch the movement.
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