1. A Callus Serves and Protects
The body protects itself from repeated pressure and friction by developing a callus, which is a thickened area of the skin. Calluses are most common on the hands and feet. Usually they don't require you to do anything. They are, after all, the body's way of protecting your skin. However, as the body continues to sustain pressure, the skin may become thicker. If it becomes thick enough, the body eventually treats the callus as foreign body. The result is pain, and in some cases an ulcer and infection can occur.
2. Pressure and Friction: the Diabolic Duo
A number of situations create the repetitive friction and pressure that cause calluses. Tight shoes, toe deformities and/or an abnormal gait are the usual suspects in foot calluses. Excessive use of hand tools or sports such as tennis usually cause calluses on the hands.
3. Doctor Knows Best
Treating the underlying cause of a callus is the only way to manage it properly. You should see a doctor if a callus becomes painful and inflamed, especially if you have diabetes or poor circulation. A doctor should evaluate it to be certain it is a callus and devise a way to manage it, which may include over-the-counter (OTC) remedies. Your doctor may also suggest foot supports or padding to relieve pressure or surgery to correct any bony prominences that are present in the feet, or he may diagnose an abnormal gait and devise a way to correct it.
4. Self-Treatment Is Not Ideal for Everyone
Because calluses are so common, many people use OTC remedies such as a callus remover, callus file or an acid that dissolve calluses. However, the foot is an excellent place for infection to grow because it is usually warm and moist. Acids don't discriminate between a callus and other skin tissue, so it will eat away at everything it touches. A callus remover and/or file opens up the callus, making it easier for infection to begin. People who have conditions such as diabetes or poor circulation are particularly at risk. Always follow your doctor's advice on the use of OTC remedies.
5. Relieve the Pressure: Avoid the Callus
Proper fitting shoes help ensure healthy feet. Shoes should not slide on the heel or put pressure on the toes when walking. There should be room between your toes and the end of the shoe. Always try on shoes and walk around the store in them to detect possible areas of pressure and friction. Use pads with no medication on them to protect areas prone to calluses. Wear gloves if you use tools or participate in a sport that causes friction on your hands. Also, use a moisturizer on both your feet and hands.
