Experiencing a headache and dizziness can be disconcerting when you are exercising. A variety of factors can contribute to headaches and dizziness, but most headaches that result from exercising are benign, according to National Headache Foundation. In some cases, however, they could be a sign of something more serious. If you experience them on a regular basis when exercising despite taking steps to prevent the problem, consult a physician.
Features
Dizziness and headaches that result from physical activity typically occur during more strenuous activities, such as running, jogging, weightlifting or even sexual activity. The headaches are usually described as throbbing and come on rather suddenly. In most cases, pain is felt on both sides of the head. Dizziness may be severe enough that you feel like you are going to faint or fall over. You may also experience nausea or double vision.
Causes
A variety of causes can contribute to dizziness and headaches during exercise. Headaches that result solely from exercise, known as exertional headaches, are not well understood, but working out in high altitudes or excessive heat can increase the likelihood they will occur. Dehydration, hypoglycemia, improper breathing and poor posture can cause dizziness and possibly headaches or make exertional headaches worse. Overexertion and exercising when you are fatigued are also common causes of dizziness and headaches. In some cases, exercising may expose an underlying medical disorder that is causing the problem. Certain medications can also have dizziness and headaches as a side effect.
Prevention
Some basic preventative steps may help stop your symptoms. Eat a small meal two to four hours before exercising to avoid low blood sugar. Drink 1 to 3 cups of water before exercising and drink plenty of water during and after. Make sure you are not placing undue pressure on your neck when you are working out. Focus on steady breathing; avoid working out a pace that makes you breathe too rapidly. Get plenty of rest, and avoid exercising when you are fatigued. Work out during cooler times of the day or in an cooled environment, and take care when exercising in high altitudes. Talk to your doctor about any possible adverse effects of medication you are taking.
Treatment
If you start to experience dizziness and headaches during exercising, stop what you are doing and rest. Lie down on your back so your head is even with your heart. This will take the pressure off your head and let blood flow more easily. Drink some water and eat a little if you suspect dehydration or low blood sugar. If your symptoms of headaches and dizziness don't respond to rest and self-care measures, seek immediate medical attention
Considerations
If you start to experience the symptoms outside of exercise or they happen on a regular basis when you are exercising, make an appointment with a doctor. Even though headaches caused by exercise are not well understood, medication can help control them. In some cases, the headaches and dizziness can be the result of a serious medical disorder, such as a problem with the heart or brain, so it's important to get a diagnosis.
