Whey protein powder is one of the most popular choices among all of the protein supplements on the market, and for good reason. According to McKinley Health Center at the University of Illinois, whey protein features the highest biological value of any protein. The biological value, or BV, of a protein is a measure of how well it is digested, absorbed and utilized by the body. There are two main types of whey protein on the market -- concentrates and isolates.
Concentrate
Whey protein concentrates are the most economical choice. This type of whey protein contains between 29 percent and 89 percent protein by weight, according to McKinley Health Center. It contains a greater amount of fat and lactose -- a type of sugar found in milk -- compared to whey protein isolates. Because of this, whey protein concentrates may cause stomach discomfort if you are lactose intolerant or have severe milk allergies.
Isolate
Whey protein isolates are processed further than concentrate formulas to remove most of the fat and lactose. Because of this processing, the end product features a higher concentration of protein. According to McKinley Health Center, whey protein isolate formulas contain 90 percent or greater protein content. This makes whey isolates the most pure form of whey protein, although it is also a more expensive choice compared to concentrate formulas. Isolates may be the better choice if you have allergies to milk and lactose.
Biological Value
Although whey protein as a whole features the highest BV of any protein, whey protein isolates and concentrate formulas feature much different maximum BV scores. According to Bodybuilding.com, whey protein concentrates have a maximum BV of 104, while whey protein isolates can have a BV score up to 157. This means isolate formulas are better absorbed and used by your body. As a reference, eggs feature a BV of 100, milk has a BV of 91 and meat features a BV of 80.
Considerations
No matter which type of whey protein you decide to use, it's important to first consult your doctor to be sure it's a safe and necessary choice for you. Both types of whey protein offer similar health benefits, according to McKinley Health Center. These benefits include increased muscle mass, preservation of existing muscle mass, improvements in immune system function and body composition. For general health, 20 g to 25 g of whey protein per day is optimal. McKinley Health Center says whey protein is generally recognized as safe; however, too much of any protein can lead to unwanted weight gain and potential kidney problems.
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