Even if you don't have a complete understanding of lipids, it is important to realize the impact they can have on your health and your life. Lipids play a vital role in the functioning of your body, but when they rise beyond healthy levels, they pose a health risk. Understanding how to manage your lipid levels may improve the quality of your life.
Understanding Lipids
Lipids are merely fats in your blood. Once they join with lipoproteins, a protein in your blood, they provide energy for your body, explains the American Academy of Physicians. You may recognize lipoproteins by another name -- cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein, HDL, is your good cholesterol. It clears excess amounts of low-density lipoprotein, LDL, from your blood and arteries. Your LDL, when too high, increases your risk of heart disease.
Lipid Profile
A lipid profile measures the amount of cholesterol in your blood, determining your risk for heart disease. It takes into account your LDL and HDL cholesterol, along with your total cholesterol. As its name implies, total cholesterol measures all fats in your blood. Triglycerides, another fat, usually are part of the lipid profile, however, it is not a type of cholesterol. In excess amounts, though, triglycerides can increase your risk for heart disease, as well. The lipid profile is a blood test you must fast for. You cannot eat or drink anything except water 12 hours before your test. Foods and beverages can interfere with the results of the test. If your doctor is only checking your HDL or total cholesterol, no fasting is required, according to Cleveland Clinic.
Lipid Levels
Lipid levels vary according to cholesterol type. According to the American Heart Association, your total cholesterol should be under 200 mg/dL to reduce your risk of heart disease. If it is 240 mg/dL or higher, you are twice as likely to develop heart disease. Ideally, your LDL cholesterol should be 100 mg/dL or less. If 160 mg/dL or greater, your risk for cardiovascular problems increase. The optimal level for triglycerides is under 150 mg/dL; if over 200 mg/dL, you have reason for concern. Your HDL is the exception to the rule. This type needs to be high rather than low to decrease your health risks. Men with a level lower than 40 mg/dL, and women whose levels are 50 and below have major risk factors for heart disease. Your HDL should be 60 mg/DL or more.
Prevention
You can prevent unhealthy lipid levels by taking a few simple steps. First and foremost, the American Heart Association recommends having a lipid profile once every five years if you are age 20 or older. This enables your doctor to detect high cholesterol early, making it easier to treat and reduce your risk of damage to your heart. If you are overweight, shed excess pounds. Obesity is a common risk factor for high cholesterol. Focus on whole-grains, fruits and vegetables, limiting your intake of saturated and trans fats. Eat less red meat, replacing it with skinless poultry and fish. Exercise at least 30 minutes a day most days of the week. This can decrease your LDL, increase your HDL and strengthen your heart, according to MayoClinic.com.
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