DHEA stands for dehydroepiandrosterone, a steroid hormone manufactured by the adrenal glands. The primary role of this substance is that of a prohormone, meaning it serves as a steppingstone to the production of androgens and estrogens, or male and female sex hormones. Low levels are associated with an increased incidence of certain disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, kidney disease and AIDS. As a nutritional therapy, DHEA may improve symptoms of depression and enhance cognitive function. However, due to potential risks, side effects and drug interactions, you should not take DHEA without medical clearance and supervision.
Function
DHEA is manufactured primarily by the adrenal glands, but it is also produced in the brain, the liver and the gonads, the dual organs located in the testicles in men and the ovaries in women. On its path to becoming a sex hormone, it is converted into androstenedione and, with the help of certain enzymes, into either testosterone or estrogen.
Benefits of Supplementation
According to MayoClinic.com, clinical evidence suggests that supplementation with DHEA may effectively treat depression, adrenal gland deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disorder more commonly known as SLE or simply lupus. Since levels of DHEA tend to decline with age, the MedlinePlus database of the National Institutes of Health says that some scientists theorize that supplementation may help prevent or slow the progression of certain age-related conditions, such as Alzheimer's, osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction.
Effectiveness
Based on clinical evidence currently available, the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates DHEA supplementation as "possibly effective" in treating lupus, osteoporosis, erectile dysfunction and schizophrenia. Dietary DHEA also seems to restore a youthful appearance to mature skin by increasing moisture and minimizing so-called "age spots."
DHEA Nutrition Myths
Some manufacturers of dietary supplements have touted products that claim to contain natural sources of DHEA, namely wild yam and soy. Although a chemist can successfully synthesize DHEA from chemical compounds from either wild yam or soy, your body cannot. In other words, you cannot increase levels of circulating DHEA just by eating these foods or swallowing a pill that contains compounds extracted from them.
Safety Issues
Common side effects include gastrointestinal complaints, elevated blood pressure, acne and hair loss. Some women may develop a deep voice or experience an increase in facial hair or irregular menstrual cycles. Since DHEA may produce hormonal effects, you should not use this supplement if you are pregnant, nursing or have a history of a hormone-driven cancer. In addition, this substance may interact with prescription medications or worsen certain conditions, such as diabetes, liver disease and mood disorders. Do not take DHEA without consulting a medical professional first, especially if you have a chronic condition or take medications.
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