5-HTP & Pain

5-HTP is the precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, which plays a role in the modulation of pain based on the effect that it has on blood vessels and on mood. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter responsible for many functions in the body. You can take it as a nutritional supplement, or your body can synthesize it from the food you eat.

5-HTP

The main function of serotonin is to help the digestive system regulate bowel movements. This is where most of the body's serotonin is found. Serotonin is also used in the central nervous system to affect mood and plays a role in the pain response. Although how exactly serotonin works as a pain reliever is unknown, it does play a role in the body's response to pain and inflammation by causing vessel constriction and smooth muscle contraction.

Synthesis of Serotonin

Serotonin is synthesized from the amino acid L-tryptophan, which is found in proteins. The L-tryptophan in these foods is converted to 5-HTP and then to serotonin with the help of vitamin B-6 in the gastrointestinal tract. To produce serotonin, you need an adequate amount of vitamin B-6. Many sources of tryptophan also contain vitamin B-6.

Serotonin and Mood

Since serotonin also has a positive effect on mood, it may also be beneficial in the management of chronic pain conditions. Low levels of serotonin can cause worry, irritability and depression. Physicians often prescribe medications that increase serotonin in the nervous system to manage depression People with chronic pain often report feeling depressed or irritable, thus serotonin may help alleviate the psychological aspect of pain and help patients better cope with their condition.

Food Sources of Serotonin

One way to increase serotonin levels is to consume foods with high levels of vitamin B-6 and L-tryptophan. Sources include cheese, chicken, eggs, fish, milk, nuts, peanut butter, soy and turkey. Another way to increase serotonin is to take a 5-HTP supplement and a vitamin B-6 supplement. This will help your body manufacture more serotonin and help manage your pain. A study by Fernstrom published in the February 1977 issue of "Metabolism" showed that animals who had a low level of serotonin in their central nervous system demonstrated an increased sensitivity to painful stimuli. Normal sensitivity was restored rapidly when the animals were given a single injection of L-tryptophan. Before taking any nutritional supplements, consult with your health care provider.