Cholesterol, a soft, waxy substance produced naturally by your body, is needed for cell and hormone production. Excess amounts of cholesterol, however, can cause serious health problems, such as heart attack and stroke. In some cases, your doctor may recommend lowering your levels through diet and exercise. If these methods prove ineffective, he may prescribe a cholesterol-lowering medication to help you out. The best medication for you depends on your cholesterol level.
Statins
Statins include medications such as Zocor, Lipitor and Crestor. According to The American Heart Association, statins are most effective for lowering levels of LDL (bad cholesterol) while decreasing your chances of developing cardiovascular disease. Most of the side effects associated with these medications are considered mild and generally taper off once your body adjusts to them. The more common side effects include upset stomach, gas, constipation, stomach pain, cramps and muscle weakness.
Niacin
For those who suffer from high levels of triglycerides or low levels of HDL (good cholesterol), niacin may be the medication for you. It decreases one while increasing the other and does so by slowing the production of blood fats. The American Heart Association recommends taking only the prescription form for your cholesterol; this is due to the side effects that may accompany it. These side effects include itching, reddening of your face or hot flashes and upset stomach. Niacin can also be toxic, the main reason for medical supervision while taking it.
Resins
The most commonly prescribed resins include Cholestid, Prevalite and Whelcol, all of which are useful when needing to lower your LDL levels by a minimal amount---10 to 20 percent. Resins attach themselves to the bile produced by your liver, a substance needed for digestion. This process forces your liver to produce more bile, which in turn burns more cholesterol. The most common side effects of resins include constipation, bloating, diarrhea, dizziness and heartburn.
Fibrates
While not considered effective for lowering levels of LDL, fibrates are considered effective when it comes to lowering triglyceride levels. Commonly prescribed fibrates include Lopid, Bezalip and Tricor, and the most frequently reported side effects include upset stomach, anemia, diarrhea and the development of gallstones.
