The benefits of exercise for a below-the-knee amputee are much the same as for any other person, with a few special considerations. Assuming you have made a full recovery and are ready for exercise, it can help improve your balance and coordination, as well as control your weight -- but much depends on the cause of your limb loss. For instance, if your amputation is the result of diabetes, exercise can be especially helpful; however, it is essential that you consult with your doctor before beginning any exercise program.
Cardiovascular Exercise
Cardiovascular exercise works the heart and lungs and helps regulate your metabolism. If you have been fitted with a prosthesis, there are many cardio exercises you can do to improve your fitness. Stationary and recumbent bikes are options, as are elliptical gliders. If you are comfortable walking or jogging, they are also good cardiovascular exercises. Swimming is an exercise that works the entire body, including the cardiovascular system. Check with your prosthetist to make sure your prosthesis is right for these activities.
Weight Control
Some studies suggest that it takes much more effort to maneuver with an artificial limb than it does with two legs. That is why it is so important to exercise and keep trim. Everyday activities are easier to handle if you are stronger and carrying less weight. If you lose weight, be sure to monitor the fit of your prosthesis, as this can change with weight loss.
Core Body Strength
Your torso is your body's core, its power center. Your core includes the stomach, hips, back, sides and chest. A strong core helps to control your whole body and manipulate it through space more gracefully and efficiently. Your balance is affected by an amputation and exercises for the core muscles are essential to help restore that balance. Core exercises include crunches, twists, lower and middle back exercises, and some chest exercises.
Upper Body Strength
It's important to build upper-body strength in your arms, chest and upper back, especially if you rely on crutches or a wheelchair to get around. Exercises such as pullups and dumbbell exercises are a good start. Performing dumbbell exercises from a seated position is safe and effective for most BK amputees. Be aware, however, that exercises that raise your arms above your head can result in a rise in blood pressure. Be sure you are healthy enough for these types of activities before attempting them.
Considerations
Always consult your physician before beginning any new exercise program. If you have diabetes, heart disease, or any other serious health condition, exercise is important, but must be managed by a health care provider. Regular exercise can help you lose weight and feel better, but it can also affect the fit of an artificial limb. Make sure to monitor any changes in the fit of your prosthesis.
References
- Comparison of Energy Cost and Gait Efficiency During Ambulation in Below-Knee Amputees Using Different Prosthetic Feet: The Iowa Orthopaedic Journal; D.H. Nielsen et al
- In Motion: Transtibial Amputations: Successes and Challenges; Douglas G. Smith
- The Ohio State University Medical Center: Below the Knee Amputee Exercise Program
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