Saw palmetto is an herbal supplement also known as Serenoa, the American dwarf palm tree and the cabbage palm. It is currently grown in the southern United States. The supplement form comes in liquid extracts, capsules or tablets, or as a tea.
According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the most common use of saw palmetto is as an herbal treatment for the urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate. It is believed that saw palmetto inhibits the body's ability to convert testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which may be responsible for the enlargement of the prostrate. It is not used as a standard of care in the United States, but this supplement is popular in Europe. Currently, larger research studies do not fully support the effectiveness of saw palmetto.
In addition, it is suggested that saw palmetto could reduce the presence of male pattern baldness, but it currently is not recommended for this use. Because of its effect on sex hormones, other experimental uses include enhancement of physical performance, breast enlargement and impotency treatment. None of these theories have been scientifically tested or supported.
What to Look for
Given the many health claims of saw palmetto and the limited scientific evidence to support them, it is important to consult with a physician. If taking the supplement without the instruction of a physician, follow the dosage instructions on the bottle.
Common Pitfalls
Some reported side effects of saw palmetto include nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea. Taking the supplement with food may reduce stomach-related discomforts. Those with health conditions associated with the stomach, liver, heart and lungs should use caution when taking saw palmetto.
This herbal supplement can increase the risk of bleeding and should not be taken with aspirin or any other anticoagulants. It should not be taken with any drugs that affect sex hormones. Talk to a physician about additional risks and drug combinations to avoid.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate herbal supplements. According to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, manufacturers are responsible for the safety of their products and the validity of the ingredients listed in the product. The FDA will step in and evaluate a product only if adverse events such as injury or death are reported; otherwise, the agency does not review or approve dietary supplements on the market.
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