Sassafras tea is made by steeping the foliage and roots of the Sassafras albidum tree in water. Despite its natural origins, this sweet-sounding beverage can be toxic in high doses. Safrole, the active substance in sassafras, has been classified as a carcinogen by the Food and Drug Administration. Before using sassafras tea, discuss the risks and benefits with your physician.
History
Sassafras has been used for centuries as an alternative medicine and flavoring agent. Safrole, the active alkaloid in sassafras tea, was once added to root beer, candy and other food products for its distinctive flavor. In 1960, the Food and Drug Administration banned safrole for use in foods after studies linked it to liver cancer in lab animals. Sassafras was also banned, though it is now legal under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act. Safrole-free sassafras is still used as a flavoring agent in some commercial food and drink products.
Health Effects
Most of the negative health effects of sassafras tea are attributed to safrole, which is not present in most commercial preparations. According to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, side effects of sassafras may include sedation, hot flashes and intense sweating. In large doses, sassafras can cause toxic side effects such as rapid heartbeat, hallucinations and hypertension. In addition to its acute health effects, sassafras has been shown to cause liver cancer in animals when administered in high doses for prolonged periods. While it's carcinogenic potential in humans is not known, users should be aware of the possibility for liver cancer when using sassafras. According to the Drug Enforcement Agency, safrole oil is a Schedule I controlled substance due to its role in the manufacture of MDMA -- the drug commonly known as ecstasy.
Prevention/Solution
Avoiding or limiting your use of sassafras tea can prevent serious health complications. Do not take sassafras tea without a doctor's permission if you have a history of cancer or liver disease. When purchasing sassafras tea, choose safrole-free varieties from trusted vendors. If you experience confusion, heart palpitations or other serious side effects, stop using sassafras tea and seek medical help immediately. These could be signs of a life-threatening condition.
Misconceptions
The idea that all natural, plant-based substances are safe is common and can lead to disastrous outcomes. Despite the known risks of sassafras, it is still widely available and may be used in some herbal or alternative therapies. If you have questions about the safety of sassafras tea, talk to your doctor.
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