CMT is a medical term for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, also known as CMT type 4B2. The neurological condition affects nerves in the extremities, usually starting in the hands and feet and traveling in progressive patterns up and down the legs. The condition causes general limb weakness and may lead to a loss of function in the affected limb or limbs. Therapy for CMT may involve muscle-strengthening exercises to maintain mobility and function.
Step 1
Ask your doctor about the type of CMT with which you've been diagnosed. Types are determined by the peripheral nerves affected and the severity of your condition. This information will help you and your therapist create a treatment or therapy program based on your current and prospective needs.
Step 2
Wear an ankle or knee brace to help maintain strength in the lower limbs. Orthopedic devises help maintain joint strength and mobility and reduce risk of injury due to limb weakness or numbness that may lead to falls.
Step 3
Prevent foot or leg deformities by engaging in regular strengthening exercises of the lower extremities. For example, combine lower limb stretching with exercises like foot extension and flexion, which maintain joint health and stability.
Step 4
Perform range-of-motion exercises on the ankle and knee through extension, flexion and rotation exercises. For example, rotate your foot in one direction and then the other. Exercise the knee by extending your lower leg away from the body and then flexing it toward you. Pain medication may help ease pain during exercise.
Step 5
Stretch on a daily basis as instructed by your doctor or physical therapist to prevent muscle fatigue and reduce the risk of limb deformities due to muscle shortening or contractions, often caused by immobility or non-use of thigh and calf muscles.
Step 6
Walk as often as you can to help build muscle strength and stamina. Walking also increases overall cardiovascular fitness and health. Walk with a brace to facilitate stability and movement. Climb up and down on low steps or stairs to gradually strengthen thigh and calf muscles.
Step 7
Swim or bike -- activities often recommended by therapists -- to avail yourself of low-impact activity that offers exercise benefits without placing too much weight on the weakened joints or painful muscles associated with CMT disease.
Tips and Warnings
- Engage in occupational and physical therapy as instructed by your doctor to maintain and develop small motor movement in your knees, calves, toes and ankles.
References
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Fact Sheet; April 2007
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association; What is Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disorder (CMT)?; December 2010
- University of Chicago Center for Peripheral Neuropathy: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT)
- Ohio State University: Ankle Range of Motion Exercises
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