Whether caused by poor diet, certain medications or a host of other culprits, most Americans have dealt with constipation at some point. Chances are you've turned to some type of laxative to help provide relief. Laxative production is big business; the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse reports that about $725 million are spent on these treatments annually in the United States. Yet these products can cause cramping and a number of other symptoms due to their harsh effects on the body.
Stomach Distress
All types of laxatives have the potential to cause stomach cramping, although some are more harsh on your gastrointestinal system than others. Most of these products trigger changes in your intestinal tract to help relieve constipation. Stool softeners, for instance, work by increasing the moisture content in your stool, which allows for easier elimination. The downside to using laxatives is that they can cause a number of GI-related symptoms as they work. In addition to cramping, you may experience bloating, nausea, gas and diarrhea.
Stimulant Laxatives
You may be tempted to turn to stimulant laxatives first if you think they'll provide faster relief from constipation; however, these are the harshest on your body and may cause even more cramping than other types. These laxatives cause contractions in the GI tract to propel the stool, irritating the intestines. In addition to GI distress, these products may cause a brownish discoloration of your urine. Stimulant laxatives do not produce immediate results; they may take 24 hours to work.
Risks
No matter what type of laxative you use, severe or worsening stomach cramps are not normal. Contact your doctor if you experience dizziness, pain or fatigue as well while taking laxatives. Rectal bleeding or the presence of blood in your stool should also be evaluated medically. Constipation lasting longer than a week -- even while using laxatives -- could be a sign of a serious condition.
Safer Methods
Continual use of certain types of laxatives, especially stimulants, is not only unsafe but can also make your bowel issues worse. Your system can start to depend on laxatives to trigger bowel movements if you use these products for the long term. The safest ways to deal with occasional constipation are to slowly increase your fiber intake, stay physically active and drink plenty of fluids. If you do turn to laxatives, try using a bulk-forming formula as this type is the most gentle. Bulk laxatives are not always effective, however, and can still cause cramping and bloating. It's best to discuss sudden bowel changes with a physician; constipation is a symptom, not a condition.
