Lithium, or lithium chloride, is a drug used to treat bipolar disorder. Lithium helps stabilize the mood swings associated with this mental disorder. But many people who take lithium experience side effects, including weight gain. Weight gain may lead to non-compliance with the drug regimen. Losing weight while you're taking lithium can be very difficult and may require several different approaches to achieve success.
Lithium and Weight Gain
Lithium causes weight gain in both people and rats. Both men and women gain weight on lithium. Scientists aren't sure why taking lithium makes people gain weight. In the March 1995 issue of "Pharmacopsychiatry," researchers reported on several theories, including lithium slowing metabolism, increases in appetite and thirst due to taking the drug, clinically-induced hypothyroidism that often accompanies long-term lithium therapy, and lithium's effect on the endocrine system. With no one clear cause of weight gain, it's difficult to target a weight-loss approach.
Lithium and Weight Loss
A combination of strict diet and exercise is enough for some people to lose weight on lithium therapy, but others may benefit from prescription weight-loss drugs. These drugs must be carefully monitored by a physician so as not to interfere with the lithium therapy. If hypothyroidism is present, you may need medication to help control this.
Alternatives to Lithium
Patients who can't lose weight while taking lithium, or who are at risk of stopping the therapy because of concerns over weight gain, may benefit from alternative medications. Valproic acid or carbamazepine are other mood-stabilizing drugs that may help patients who can't or won't take lithium. However, these drugs can also cause weight gain.
Considerations
If you are taking lithium and are concerned about weight loss, consult your doctor. She may be able to refer to you to a dietitian who can work with you to design a diet and exercise plan. You may benefit from prescription diet aids or a change of medication. Don't stop taking your lithium, as this could make your condition worse and have serious side effects.
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