Manufacturers make water polo balls in a variety of sizes and weights to accommodate a player's gender, strength, and age. The balls are classified from "size 1" to "size 5." The difference between classifications relates to a player's hand size. In water polo it is crucial for a player to grasp the ball with one hand and maintain control regardless of the hand's position during play. The characteristics of the balls are governed by official rules and regulations.
Dimensions
The size of the water polo ball used in competition is dictated by the Federation Internationale de Natation Amateur, or FINA. The circumference of the ball used for men's games must be between .68 and .71 meters or between 26.8 and 28 inches. These balls are classified as "size 5." The balls used for women's games are slightly smaller. The rules state that the circumference of the ball must be between 0.65 and 0.67 meters or between 25.6 and 26.4 inches. These balls are classified as "size 4."
Ball Weight
There is no distinction in weight between the balls used for men and women's games. The only FINA rule regarding the weight of the ball is that it must weigh between 400 and 450 grams or between 14.1 and 15.9 oz.
Air Pressure
Water polo balls are designed with an air chamber and require a specific amount of air pressure. FINA rules state that the ball used by men must be inflated with air pressure measuring between 13 and 14 lbs. per square inch. The smaller balls used by women must be inflated with air pressure measuring between 12 and 13 lbs. per square inch.
Training Balls
Some water polo ball manufacturers offer heavier balls used for training purposes. As part of a strength and conditioning program, these balls aid in building the player's core and forearm muscles. Arm strength and arm speed can also be improved by practicing with these heavier balls. The ball designed for men weighs 3.3 lbs. while the training ball for women weighs 1.7 lbs.
Junior Balls
Several smaller sizes are available for young boys and girls. Balls classified as "size 1" are designed for boys and girls ages 5 to 9. Balls classified as "size 2" are used by girls in the 12 and under age bracket and boys in the 10 and under group. The intermediate "size 3" ball is used by boys in the 12 and under group and girls in the 14 and under group. Girls in the 16 and under age bracket and boys 14 and under use a compact "size 4" size.
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