Hypothyroidism is characterized by the underproduction of hormones in your thyroid gland. This condition can result for a variety of reasons, one of which is consuming too much iodine, which inhibits thyroid function. It is rare for someone in the developed world to eat iodine in excess. However, hypothyroidism can be serious, and you should discuss your iodine intake with a doctor and tell him if you suspect a problem with your thyroid.
Iodine and the Thyroid
Iodine is a trace mineral, and 70 to 80 percent of the amount in your body is located in your thyroid gland. It is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, and these influence your growth and development. Too much iodine can inhibit this hormone production, but too little can lead to hypothyroidism as well. Symptoms of this condition include fatigue, unexplained weight gain, dry skin, constipation, depression, joint pain, brittle nails and hair, a hoarse voice and sensitivity to changes in temperature.
Risks for Hypothyroidism
The RDA for iodine is 120 to 150 mcg per day, and consuming more than this puts you at risk for developing hypothyroidism. Additionally, if you are a woman over 50, have an autoimmune disease or have been treated with radioactive iodine, you have a greater risk of developing this condition. Being treated for hyperthyroidism can also compromise your thyroid's hormone production and in turn lead to hypothyroidism, and being pregnant can sometimes result in the condition as well. Finally, a failure to consume an adequate amount of iodine can lead to hypothyroidism, but because iodine is added to table salt in the United States, iodine deficiency is rare.
Treatment and Prevention
Hypothyroidism is typically treated with the synthetic thyroid hormone known as levothyroxine, and your doctor will determine the dosage according to the severity of your condition. If your hypothyroidism is caused by excessive iodine intake, you can help prevent this from reoccurring by reducing the amount of iodine-rich foods you consume. Lessening the amount of table salt you use can help, as can monitoring your intake of foods like shellfish, kelp, garlic, lima beans Swiss chard and summer squash. Ask your doctor before altering your diet.
Considerations
Hypothyroidism can be a serious condition, and if left untreated, you may develop symptoms like a decreased sense of smell and taste, a puffy face, slow speech and a thickening of your skin. If you suspect a problem with your thyroid, make an appointment with your health-care provider. Tell her about all of your symptoms, as well as your intake of iodine, and she can help you determine the proper course of action.
