Some evidence suggests that iron supplements may pose a health risk for people with diabetes, but further research is needed in this area, according to MedlinePlus, a website of the National Institutes of Health. Diabetics should discuss iron intake with their doctors before beginning supplementation.
Heart Disease Risk
Some studies have found associations between high iron intake from supplements and food, especially red meat, and an increased risk for heart disease, according to MedlinePlus. Diabetics may be especially vulnerable to this increased risk. However, further research may be needed in this area, as other studies have shown that iron intake does not increase the risk for heart disease.
Diabetes Complications
A 2007 study published in "Diabetes Care" found that iron from food and supplements may play a role in diabetes complications, including microangiopathy and atherosclerosis. The authors of the study, researchers from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, suggest that iron may have a potentially hazardous role because of its assistance in the production of harmful oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals.
Iron Overload
Diabetic and non-diabetic men and diabetic and non-diabetic postmenopausal women should take iron supplements only with doctor supervision, because these groups are especially vulnerable to iron overload. Individuals with hemochromatosis, a genetic disease causing very efficient absorption of iron, should also avoid taking iron supplements.
Need for Supplements
Food should provide the primary source of iron in the diet unless a specific condition raises an individual's need for iron, notes the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Diabetes alone does not cause an increased need for iron. Individuals who may need iron supplements to prevent a deficiency include pregnant women, teenage girls and women of childbearing age, people with renal failure and people with gastrointestinal disorders such as celiac disease and Crohn's disease. Doctors may recommend iron supplements to treat an existing iron deficiency.
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