A low-residue diet includes restrictions on certain foods that increase bowel activity, such as dietary fiber and other undigested materials. It is typically recommended one to two days before your colonoscopy. A low-residue diet does not provide all the essential nutrients your body requires and you should only follow it for a short period. Consult with your health care provider before starting a low-residue diet.
Diet Purpose
Before your procedure, a low-residue diet prepares your bowel for a successful colonoscopy. Fiber and other residue foods remain undigested and increase bowel activity. Eating low-residue foods reduces the frequency and size of stools in your intestine. You will need to limit your fiber intake to no more than 10 to 15 g of fiber per day.
Low-Residue Foods
Low-fiber foods are acceptable when following a low-residue diet before your colonoscopy. Examples include all refined breads, pasta, cereals, crackers and white rice with less than 1 g of fiber per serving. Canned or well-cooked fruits and vegetables that do not include pulp, seeds or skin are acceptable. Examples include peaches, apples, applesauce, ripe bananas, carrots and beets. High-protein foods include cooked meat and fish, eggs, tofu and smooth peanut butter. Limit dairy products to 2 cups a day, including low-fat milk, yogurt, pudding, mild cheese, cottage cheese and ice cream. Other low-residue fluids include water, clear and strained juices, coffee, tea and carbonated beverages.
Foods Not Allowed
Before your colonoscopy, void high-fiber breads, cereals, pasta and starches when following a low-residue diet. Examples include oatmeal, whole-grain bread, brown rice, graham crackers, popcorn and granola. Raw whole fruits and vegetables with seeds, skin and pulp are not allowed. This includes all berries, dried fruit, coconut, mushrooms and green leafy vegetables. Meats to avoid include non-tender meats with gristle, hot dogs and seasoned meats. Do not eat dried beans, lentils, peas and crunchy peanut butter. Avoid fruit juices with pulp or seeds and fiber supplements.
Diet Considerations
A registered dietitian can help you set up a meat plan based on your calorie needs and condition. Your doctor may recommend a clear liquid day one day before your colonoscopy. Clear liquids include only water, tea, coffee with nondairy creamer, strained juices, ice pops and soft drinks. After your procedure, gradually add fiber back into your diet to allow your bowel to adjust.
