Colitis is disease that causes inflammation of the colon leading to digestive upsets and disorders. According to UK Health Care, there is no one specific diet plan to prevent and treat colitis. Individual needs and treatment plans may differ based on other health conditions, medications, activity levels and severity of colitis. However, certain foods typically increase symptoms of colitis that are experienced by many. These foods should be avoided for long-term health and to prevent digestive upsets. Consult with a physician prior to making any dietary changes.
Causes and Symptoms
Colitis may be caused by a number of different factors, including food poisoning from viruses and bacteria, an autoimmune disease, chemicals and parasites. Symptoms vary according to severity and type of condition; however, generally the disease is associated with diarrhea and abdominal pain. Other signs and symptoms may include the presence of blood in the stools, constant pain, fever, chills or tenesmus, the constant feeling and urge to have a bowel movement. Seek medical attention for treatment immediately if any of these symptoms are present and increase in intensity and frequency.
Fluids
eMedicineHealth cites that in addition to medical attention, a healthy diet plan is essential for effective treatment of colitis. In addition to proper meals, however, hydrating with clear fluids is advised to give the colon time to rest and repair from digesting foods and possible toxins. Fluids do not disturb the colon, as they are absorbed into the stomach and not delivered to the colon for bowel formation. Increased fluid intake also decreases the risk of dehydration that may occur from frequent bowel movements and diarrhea, which increases stomach pains and cramping. Aim for at least 8 to 10 cups of clear fluids daily or more depending on fluids lost.
Plain Foods vs. Spicy
Individuals affected with colitis may have a difficult time finding a meal plan that does not disturb or cause further inflammation in the colon. Most safe foods and meals will have to be determined by trial and error since different foods may aggravate different individuals or more sensitive stomachs. In general, avoiding spicy foods and meals is recommended. Instead, replace these meals with plain and low-fat meals prepared with simple ingredients. More specifically, meals that are seasoned with light herbs such as parsley or basil and lemon juices are more calming to the stomach than Indian or Mexican meals seasoned in curry or hot peppers. Prepare light meals at home such as baked chicken with steamed asparagus and collard greens.
Low-Fat
Low-fat meals are recommended for colitis sufferers since high-fat and greasy meals may contribute to inflammation of the gut. Fats are harder to digest and spend more time in the digestive tract and colon to be broken down. They may irritate the gastrointestinal tract lining as well leading to diarrhea for poor nutrient absorption. Also, undigested foods will remain in the gut, leading to bloating and further digestive upset. Replace high-fat meals with foods that are both low in fat and prepared in minimal amounts of fat. Healthy options include steamed white fish such as tilapia with a plain baked sweet potato and a green salad drizzled in a light vinaigrette. Avoid oily dressings or fatty cheeses as toppings.
References
- UK HealthCare: Digestive Health Program: Ulcerative Colitis: Lifestyle Modification
- eMedicineHealth: Colitis
- "Digestive Health Now: The Four Week Plan To Heal Heartburn, Ulcers, Colitis, IBS and More"; Andrews Gaeddert; 2002
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