Engorgement of the soft palate with exercise is a potentially life-threatening condition called exercise-induced anaphylaxis. This is a rare allergic reaction that causes rapid symptoms during or after exercising. Even if the soft-palate swelling is minor, always consult with an allergist for a proper treatment route to avoid a more-severe reaction in the future.
Identification
The soft palate is the fleshy area of your palate and is located toward the back of your throat. The soft palate separates the mouth and pharynx. The uvula is located in the soft palate, which is the cone-like projection that hangs from the rear and center of your palate. During exercise-induced anaphylaxis, the soft palate can engorge due to inflammation or hives, which can partially or completely close your airway. Other symptoms of exercise-induced anaphylaxis are throat tightness, trouble swallowing, difficulties breathing, blue or pale skin, a low pulse and low blood pressure. Engorgement of the soft palate may trigger your gag reflex and lead to vomiting. An allergic reaction may not occur every time you exercise, so the occurrence is unpredictable.
Cause
Your immune system is equipped to fight foreign substances that pose a threat to your health. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis causes your immune system to overreact to exercise and triggers your mast cells to release chemicals that cause an allergic reaction. For some people, the symptoms of exercise-induced anaphylaxis only occur after eating specific foods or taking medications. The intensity of the exercise that triggers engorgement of the soft palate varies from person to person.
Treatment
If you experience engorgement of your soft palate during or after exercise, stop exercising and immediately seek emergency medical care. The doctor will give you a shot of epinephrine to reduce the allergic reaction. If your reaction is severe, oxygen therapy and an IV may also be needed to help with breathing and reduce inflammation of the airways.
Prevention
Antihistamines and leukotriene antagonists are not consistent in preventing exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Your doctor will prescribe an auto-injector of epinephrine for you to administer if you notice the soft palate engorging and your throat closing. The auto-injector will usually expire within 18 months, so replace any expired medications. Never exercise alone and instruct the person you're exercising with on how to use the auto-injector should you lose consciousness. Avoid exercising for at least four hours after eating or taking medication.
