Niacin, also known as vitamin B-3, is an essential micronutrient found in the human diet. Like other B vitamins, niacin is critical to the proper functioning of the central nervous system, skin, hair, eyes, liver and reproductive organs. Scientists do not regard niacin as a diuretic, or "water pill," as it does not increase urine output.
Effects
Niacin exerts a complex effect on the human body. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, niacin helps to convert carbohydrates in food into glucose to provide energy for essential body functions. Because niacin is a water-soluble vitamin, the human body does not store it. Instead, the body flushes excess niacin in urine. Although increased niacin intake will cause the body to excrete larger quantities of niacin in urine, it will not increase total urine output.
Diuretics Explained
MayoClinic.com states that diuretics work by increasing urine output, thereby increasing the amount of sodium excreted from the body. MayoClinic.com acknowledges the benefits of therapeutic diuretic use in the treatment of hypertension, glaucoma and edema. Several forms of prescription diuretic exist, each affecting a different area of the kidneys. All diuretics can cause side effects, so people should not use them without a health care provider's guidance. Mayo Clinic nutritionist Katherine Zeratsky states that there are no natural diuretics known to be safe or effective.
Use in Drug Screening
Niacin's reputation as a natural diuretic has led to its common and unproven use as a method for falsifying urinalysis results. A study published in November 2007 in the journal "Annals of Emergency Medicine" notes that many drug users take large doses of niacin before drug tests to "flush" cocaine, cannabis and other illicit substances from their urine. There is no evidence that it works. Moreover, the study reported several cases of serious side effects caused by this unapproved use of the supplement.
Side Effects
Niacin can have serious side effects, particularly when it is used off-label in the large doses supposedly necessary for masking drug test results. The article in "Annals of Emergency Medicine" reported that niacin supplements have led to vomiting, dizziness, liver damage, low blood sugar and the acidification of the bloodstream when used to mask the results of drug tests. MedlinePlus additionally reports that even normal doses of niacin can cause unpleasant side effects such as flushing, rash and other skin discomforts. Always consult a qualified health care provider before using any nutritional supplement.
Member Comments