Softball began in the late 1800s when a group of men gathered indoors for a rousing celebration of the Harvard-Yale football game, with a well-timed smack of a broomstick to a boisterously tossed boxing glove. Since that time, softball has evolved with the advancement of players, playing strategies and technology. One piece of equipment that has seen a number of developments throughout the years are softball shoes -- commonly referred to as cleats or spikes.
Function
The original function of softball shoes was to provide safety and support on the playing surface. Eventually, softball players started wearing cleats that were attached to the sole of the shoe for maximum traction on the playing surface that improved overall performance. By 2000, softball shoes had advanced to become a combination of fashion, traction and performance for the players.
Cleats
The cleats on softball shoes help to provide traction and support on offense or defense. Original cleats had long spikes that could either hurt an opponent or provide too much traction resulting in an ankle or knee injury. As a result, most cleats are limited to 3/4-inch in length and must be hard plastic or synthetic materials. Organizations such as the United States Specialty Sports Association and the Amateur Softball Association have specific rules regarding metal cleats depending on the age and ability level of the players.
Materials
Originally softball shoes were made from simple materials such as leather, but have evolved with other sports shoes with the release of technologically superior materials. These materials are synthetic, lightweight and breathable, and are marketed to enhance the overall playing experience for the players. For example, the Mizuno Speed Trainer uses synthetic leather and Earth-friendly materials for a shoe that combines durability, traction and shock absorption.
Models
While early softball shoes were made using one model, the growing number of playing surfaces has forced the development of multiple models of softball shoes. Artificial turf, for example, requires softball shoes with either small studs, cleats or an aggressive tread pattern. These turf softball shoes are commonly worn by athletes during practice or training sessions. Different models can also be customized with the player's name and specific colors matching the team uniforms.
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