1. Use Protection
Blood-borne viruses are a broad group of infections that can be detected in a blood test. Some common viruses include hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and mononucleosis. HIV and some types of hepatitis are transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids. To protect yourself against HIV and certain types of hepatitis, always use condoms during intercourse, and of course, avoid intravenous drug use.
2. Get Vaccinated
Vaccinations are available to protect you against certain types of hepatitis. If you work in health care, use intravenous drugs, have more than one sexual partner or plan to travel to an undeveloped country, you may be a good candidate for immunization against hepatitis. The vaccine for hepatitis B is a series of three immunizations. Talk to your health care provider about getting vaccinated. To date, there are no available vaccines to protect against HIV or hepatitis C.
3. Get Screened
If you think you've been exposed to a blood-borne virus, it's always a good idea to talk to your doctor about screening. If you are concerned about exposure to HIV, get screened right away and then again in 6 months if your first test was negative. In some people, HIV antibodies may take several months to develop after exposure, which is why it's not a bad idea to get a second screening. You can also get tested for hepatitis infection through a simple blood test through your doctor.
4. Transfusions Are Safe
If you ever require a blood transfusion, the risk of transmitting a blood-borne virus through your transfusion is exceedingly rare. However, given that HIV was not discovered until the 1980s, those people who received a blood transfusion in the 1970s and early 1980s may be at risk for having contracted HIV. If you received a blood transfusion during this period of time, it doesn't hurt to talk to your doctor about screening.
5. Honesty Is the Best Policy
If you think you may have been exposed to a blood-borne virus, do not be afraid to speak up to your health care provider. Do not let embarrassment or fear of judgment keep you from getting the necessary tests. Most health care providers have heard it all in terms of lifestyle choices. It's also a good idea to be honest with your sex partner(s) in terms of your risks and your history of screening. You and your partner may choose to be screened before becoming intimate to put your minds at ease.
