Signs of gum disease typically don't manifest until adulthood, young people are not exempt from this condition. In fact, gingivitis, a less severe form of gum disease, is found in teens, notes the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Ignoring gingivitis can lead to serious consequences, including damaged gum tissue and tooth loss. In addition to proper oral health care, getting enough of certain vitamins also can help you combat the condition.
Understanding Gingivitis
Gingivitis involves inflammation of the gums and is a type of periodontal disease. You might not see signs or symptoms in the beginning stages, but gums that are swollen, bleeding, tender or excessively red could indicate problems. The disease also can make you more prone to developing mouth sores. Plaque accumulation on and between teeth contributes to the development of gingivitis. Poor oral hygiene is an obvious risk factor, but excessive or harsh brushing also irritates the gums. Hormonal changes, certain medications, diabetes and misaligned teeth also can cause gingivitis, notes the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Role of Vitamin C
Vitamin C is essential for your body for many reasons, including gum health. Research findings, reported in January 2009 in the journal "Free Radical Biology and Medicine," suggest that vitamin C reduces oxidative stress and inflammation that contributes to gingivitis. The study was carried out using rats; however, vitamin C deficiency is a known risk factor for periodontal disease in humans. As an antioxidant, this vitamin supports immune function and helps prevent the buildup of toxic free radicals in the body. Deficiency can cause gum bleeding and tooth decay.
Role of Vitamin D
Vitamin D also can play a pivotal role in gingivitis. It has anti-inflammatory qualities that might help reduce the gum inflammation associated with this form of periodontal disease. Higher blood levels of vitamin D were associated with lower risk for gum bleeding among study participants who were never smokers, according to research published in the September 2005 issue of the "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition." Another study, published in June 2011 in the journal "Infection and Immunity," suggests that vitamin D also could help the gums combat bacteria that contribute to gingivitis.
Prevention
Getting an adequate amount of vitamins and other nutrients is important for your oral and overall health. It's not the the only way to help prevent gingivitis, however. Brushing twice and flossing once daily are vital to keeping your teeth and gums in good shape. Regular dental checkups are is essential as well. Professional cleanings help prevent plaque and tartar buildup. These visits also allow your dentist to catch any problems or concerns early. In some cases, you might need to use a prescription toothpaste or rinse to combat gum inflammation.
References
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Gingivitis
- "Free Radical Biology and Medicine": Effects of Vitamin C Intake on Gingival Oxidative Stress in Rat Periodontitis; T. Tomofuji, et al.; January 2009
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Periodontal Disease -- Risk Factors
- NYU Langone Medical Center: Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
- "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition": Association Between Serum Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Gingival Inflammation"; Thomas Dietrich, et al.; September 2005
- EurekAlert!: Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology; June 2011
