Hypothyroidism is a thyroid condition that results in low secretion of thyroid hormones. As thyroid hormones facilitate the absorption of nutrients from the bloodstream by regulating the function of insulin, hypothyroidism can result in a diabetes-like condition. This condition, which is also known as insulin resistance, normally results in weight gain. A low-carb diet can help offset the consequences of an underactive thyroid gland.
Causes of Hypothyroidism
Though hypothyroidism sometimes is hereditary, it can also result as a consequence of treating hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is associated with a hyperactive thyroid gland that can spontaneously secrete potentially lethal amounts of thyroid hormone into the bloodstream. Because of the severe risks of hyperthyroidism, removing the thyroid gland or destroying it with radioactive iodine is the typical treatment. This results in hypothyroidism. The latter condition does not usually present an immediate life threat and is, therefore, less detrimental than hyperthyroidism.
Consequences of Hypothyroidism
One of the main consequences of hypothyroidism is that the metabolic system slows down. Thyroid hormones regulate the function of insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas when you consume food. Insulin binds to cells receptors, which allows the cells to absorb nutrients from the bloodstream. When thyroid hormones are secreted at a slower rate, insulin does not transfer its signal properly to the cells. The brain interprets the slow absorption of nutrients as a signal that the cells are starving. This, in turn, gives rise to a constant feeling of hunger and a tendency to overeat.
Low-Carb Diets and Hypothyroidism
When cells are slow to absorb nutrients, glucose, or blood sugar, accumulates in the bloodstream. This can lead to plaque formation in the blood vessels, making it harder for the blood to circulate. As the main source of glucose is carbohydrates, a low intake of carbohydrates can help control glucose levels. In severe cases of hypothyroidism, doctors prescribe synthetic T3 thyroid hormone to control the condition. However, in milder cases, dietary changes may offset adverse effects.
Low-Carb Diets
Low-carb diets can help lower glucose levels. In the initial phases of most popular low-carb diets, you have to restrict your intake of carbohydrates to as little as 20 g per day. In later phases, you can increase your intake to about 100 g a day. There are no restrictions on fat and protein intake on these types of diets. However, proponents recommend eating healthy fats and proteins, including lean meats, fatty fish and soy products. As excess protein can convert to glucose, it may be wise to keep an eye on portion sizes when following a low-carb diet.
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