Coenzyme Q10, also known as CoQ10, is a substance found in the mitochondria cells of your body which are responsible for the production of energy. In addition, CoQ10 acts as an antioxidant, scavenging and neutralizing substances called free radicals that can cause cellular damage. The University of Maryland Medical Center, or UMMC, explains that most people probably don't have to worry about a deficiency of CoQ10. If you have certain medical conditions, engage in poor nutritional habits or have a nutrient absorption problem, however, you may derive benefit from supplemental CoQ10. Check with your doctor before using any dietary supplement.
Neurodegenerative Disease or Impairment
Low levels of CoQ10 have been associated with damage from free radical substances and impaired functioning of the mitochondria. According to a study published in the 2007 issue of "Neurochemistry Research," administration of high dosages of CoQ10 appears to slow the progression of conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. These conditions are characterized by impairment of neurologic functioning such as an ataxic, or awkward-appearing motion of the arms and legs. This association, however, does not imply that individuals with a deficiency of CoQ10 will develop these diseases. It is, however, possible that they will develop impaired motor functioning, caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
Cardiovascular Problems
CoQ10 appears to provide a protective effect against the development and worsening of cardiovascular disease. The University of Maryland Medical Center explains that supplemental CoQ10 administered to heart attack patients has been found to decrease the incidence of a second heart attack, as well as chest pain associated with cardiovascular disease. Additionally, the Mayo Clinic states that low CoQ10 levels have also been found to correlate with high blood pressure, although more research is needed as of 2011 to identify the exact underlying cause.
Seizures
Chronic and severe CoQ10 deficiency can cause seizures in some individuals. MedlinePlus explains that a deficiency is unusual but can lead to the development of seizures. The 2007 study published in "Neurochemistry Research" explains that cerebellar ataxia, the sudden onset of uncontrolled movement of the muscles that can indicate seizure activity, is the most common symptom of a CoQ10 deficiency. These seizures are often preceded by ataxic or uncoordinated movement and muscle weakness.
Fatigue and Generalized Weakness
The most common initial symptoms of a CoQ10 deficiency are muscle weakness and fatigue. These symptoms generally occur in a subtle manner, with mild to moderate lethargy, decreased endurance and weakness of the arms and legs. As the deficiency progresses, these symptoms generally also progress and are likely due to the impaired mitochondrial functioning that decreases the production of energy. This generalized weakness and fatigue may also be accompanied by weakening of cardiac function that can cause decreased oxygen flow and subsequent fatigue.
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