Any time you're undergoing a medical test or procedure, it's important to let your doctor know about all the medicines, vitamins and supplements you use. It's usually not necessary to stop taking vitamins or supplements before a PSA test, but some supplements may impact the test results. There are a number of other factors that may affect test results, too.
PSA Test
The PSA test is a blood test that's primarily used to screen for prostate cancer in men. PSA stands for prostate-specific antigen -- a protein produced in the prostate, which is a small gland below the bladder. A high level of PSA may be an indicator of prostate cancer, but high readings may also be caused by conditions such as an enlarged or inflamed prostate. The blood sample needed for the test is typically drawn from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand.
Preparation
If you are scheduled to take a PSA test, you may be advised not to ejaculate for at least 48 hours before the test because it can cause a false rise in PSA levels. It's also important to let your doctor know if you're taking steroids, regularly use aspirin or take any medicines to treat BPH or urinary symptoms, such as finasteride or dutasteride, because they may lower PSA levels. Some dietary supplements that are labeled "for prostate health" also may mask a high PSA level. The American Cancer Society notes that saw palmetto, an herb some men use to treat BPH, does not seem to interfere with the PSA test results.
Test Results
If your doctor knows that you're taking supplements, he can take that into account when he analyzes your test results. The PSA level alone cannot confirm the presence or absence of prostate cancer. You'll need a biopsy for that, but the test may indicate you are higher risk for the disease. Your PSA level will likely rise as you get older. A normal reading for men under 50 is generally less than 2.5 nanograms per milliliter. Men who are 50 to 59 typically have a reading less than 3.5. A reading of less than 4.5 is considered normal for men 60 to 69. If you're 70 or older, a reading of less than 6.5 may be normal.
Follow Up
If your PSA reading is higher than normal, your doctor may consider a number of factors before deciding what steps to take next. He may take into account your age, any medications or supplements you take, the results of past PSA tests, whether a lump was found during a prostate exam, family history, any recent bladder tests or any urinary tract or prostate infections. You may be advised to take another PSA test in the next few months, do a follow-up test called a free PSA or undergo a prostate biopsy.
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