Walking, jogging or running on a treadmill provides some cushioning and a level surface for your workout, meaning a reduced risk of injury. But, despite being safer than navigating through unknown natural terrains, the impact to your bones and joints may still be too jarring. Pain may result, most commonly in your legs. If pain persists or is severe, seek medical attention right away.
Shin Splints
If your pain worsens during exercise and is located at the lower-half of the inside area of your shin, you may be suffering from shin splints. You may also experience swelling, bumps on your shinbone, pain when toes are pointed down or redness over the inside of the shin area. When you experience pain, rest, apply ice and stretch the muscles. Also consider wearing shoe inserts when you return to training. Switch to lower-impact activities while you rehabilitate, such as swimming or cycling.
Poor Circulation
If dull, aching pain is in your calf, rather than your shin, poor circulation may be to blame, according to orthopedic surgeon William J. Doherty. Using the treadmill increases your muscles' needs for oxygen; if your legs are lacking enough oxygen, pain may result. More commonly, poor circulation is caused by artherosclerosis -- hardening of arteries often accompanying diabetes. Rarely, chronic compartment syndrome affects athletes, slowing circulation and causing sharp, severe pain and possibly requiring surgery.
Stress Fractures
Running on a treadmill, especially if you are overweight, can cause tiny fractures in your shinbone. Stress fractures are very painful, with pain increasing during activity. Fractures require rest, bone support and medical assistance.
Runner's Knee
Iliotibial band syndrome is caused by thick, fibrous tissues which run from the hip, across the knee and down to your shin bone, resulting in painful friction in the knee area of frequent runners. Rest, apply ice, use massage therapy and avoid aggravating activity like running.
Other Causes and Care
Anterior Compartment Syndrome results in pain and swelling on the front of the lower leg and worsens with exercise. Achilles tendinitis is aggravated by running, with pain just above your heal. Ankle sprains are common for runners and walkers as well. See your doctor to find out what is causing your particular pain and discuss the right treatment.
