Tribulus terrestris is a traditional herbal supplement that may enhance male sexual performance and physical strength. Scientific research backs up some of the claims of this combination but it may not be ideal for everyone. Some evidence suggests that in addition to the desired effects, tribulus may increase levels of estrogen. See your doctor before starting any new medications or supplements.
Facts
Tribulus terrestris is an over-the-counter combination herbal supplement that has claims to increase male sex drive, sexual performance, hormone production, energy levels and muscle mass. It is an extract of Tribulus terrestris or puncture vine, a flowering plant. The April 2003 issue of the "Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine" states that the active compound in tribulus is likely protodioscin, which may increase muscle mass and male sexual function. It has also been used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine for thousands of years.
Benefits
The pharmacological effects of tribulus are not well documented. Research presented in the May 2007 issue of the "Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research" states that tribulus may increase male sex hormone production and muscle strength. The journal "Phytomedicine" reports that tribulus increases testosterone and dihydroxytestosterone in animal studies. However, even though tribulus has been attributed to increasing strength and libido, controlled studies have failed to demonstrate an increase in testosterone production in humans according to a study published in the "Journal of Ethnopharmacology" in October 2005.
Effects on Estrogen
There has been much discussion about the possibility that tribulus can increase estrogen levels especially because of reports of gynecomastia, which is breast enlargement in men, reported in the journal, "Breast." The body can metabolically synthesize estrogen from testosterone but it is not known if tribulus affects testosterone levels enough to dramatically increase estrogen synthesis. Research presented in September 2000 in the "International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism" reports that tribulus extract did not cause conversion of androgens like testosterone to estrogen.
Avoiding Side Effects
To avoid possible side effects of tribulus terrestris, adhere to the proper dosing procedure included in the package. Side effects are more likely to occur if you take too much of the supplement to attempt to achieve an enhanced effect. Since this is an over-the-counter supplement and not a controlled substance, discuss with your doctor the impact on your body and the possible unintended interactions such as interference with the action of other medications. You should let your doctor know if you are currently taking any hormone medications or supplements.
References
- "Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine"; Sexual Effects of Puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris) Extract (Protodioscin): an Evaluation Using a Rat Model; K Gauthaman et al; April 2003
- "Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research"; The Effect of Five Weeks of Tribulus Terrestris Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Body Composition During Preseason Training in Elite Rugby League Players; S Rogerson et al; May 2007
- "Phytomedicine"; The Hormonal Effects of Tribulus Terrestris; K Gauthaman and AP Ganesan; January 2008
- "Journal of Ethnopharmacology"; The Aphrodisiac Herb Tribulus Terrestris Does Not Influence the Androgen Production in Young Men; VK Neychev and VI Mitev; October 2005
- "Breast"; Gynaecomastia and the Plant Product "Tribulis Terrestris"; JK Jameel at al; October 2004
- "International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism"; Effects of Anabolic Precursors on Serum Testosterone Concentrations; GA Brown et al; September 2000
