Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism may be caused by an autoimmune disease that attacks the thyroid gland, surgical removal of parts of the thyroid, radiation treatments of the neck region and use of certain drugs. Excess weight gain is a common side effect of hypothyroidism.
Weight Gain
The thyroid gland produces hormones which regulate your metabolism. If you have hypothyroidism, you may experience unintentional weight gain. Lack of thyroid hormones slows your metabolism, which causes your body to use up energy at a slower rate. You may experience excess weight gain even if you eat balanced healthy meals everyday.
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Diet
Weight gain caused by hypothyroidism is usually due to accumulation of sodium and water in your body, according to American Thyroid Association. The doctor may recommend a low-sodium diet to help reduce weight gain caused by water retention. Sodium is a mineral which causes your body to retain fluids. The doctor may also advise you to eat low-fat and low-calorie foods.
Exercise
Regular physical exercise is important for prevention of excess weight gain caused by hypothyroidism. Exercise for at least 30 minutes a day, three times a week, according to MayoClinic.com.When you engage in physical exercises such as running, jogging and swimming, your body removes excess sodium from your body through sweat. Regular physical exercise also help burn extra calories. Consult your doctor about the type of exercises you should engage in based on your medical history.
Other Symptoms
If you have mild hypothyroidism, you may experience no symptoms of the condition, according to MayoClinic.com. Symptoms can appear as hypothyroidism progresses. You may experience common symptoms such as fatigue, constipation, increased sensitivity to cold, pale dry skin, puffy face, hair loss, menstrual problems, speech problems, mood swings and decreased concentration.
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