Omega-3 Fatty Acids And Colon Cancer Risk

Also known as colorectal cancer, colon cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Although colon cancer is often hereditary, it can be prevented. For example, undergoing regular screening helps to identify precancerous polyps before they develop into full-blown cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids might also help to reduce the risk of developing colon cancer, although scientific evidence to prove this is limited. Talk to your doctor before taking an omega-3 supplement.

Properties and Uses

Omega-3 fatty acids are a type of polyunsaturated fatty acids that play an important role in normal growth and development. There are two main forms of omega-3s -- eicosapentaenoic acid, or EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA -- both of which might play a role in the prevention or treatment of a number of medical conditions, including diabetes, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. The University of Maryland Medical Center notes that omega-3s might also help to prevent certain forms of cancer, including breast, prostate and colon cancer.

Colon Cancer Prevention

The University of Maryland Medical Center notes that eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids might help to reduce the risk of colon cancer and prevent the worsening of the disease. The results of an animal study, published in the November 2008 issue of "Anticancer Research," showed that mice that received fish oil, a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, experienced less aggressive colon tumor growth than those that received corn oil.

Sources and Administration

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in a variety of oily fish, including tuna, salmon and herring. Fish oil capsules are also available over the counter from health-food stores and pharmacies. Since omega-3s are not a proven treatment for colon cancer, guidance regarding a suitable dosage is lacking, so be sure to talk to your doctor about taking omega-3 supplements.

Safety Considerations

Taking a fish oil supplement as a source of omega-3 fatty acids may cause side effects, including belching, bloating and diarrhea. Supplements might also increase the risk of bruising and bleeding, and they may be unsuitable for people who have a bleeding disorder or who take anticoagulants, such as warfarin and clopidogrel. Get medical advice before using omega-3 fatty acids alongside medicines for diabetes or cholesterol. Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns about whether taking an omega-3 supplement is appropriate for you.