Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, known commonly as ADHD, is a syndrome that is characterized by a poor attention span, impulsive behavior and extreme restlessness. While past theories and studies examining ADHD suggested that food ingredients may be a cause, current research indicates that food plays a more limited role than previously thought.
Food Additives
According to MayoClinic.com, there is no evidence that food additives cause ADHD; however, some may increase hyperactivity in some children. Current additives begin studied for their link to hyperactivity include sodium benzoate, FD&C Yellow No. 5 and 6, D&C Yellow No. 5 and FD&C Red No. 40. Food additives such as these dyes and preservatives are most frequently found in processed foods. Therefore if your child has ADHD you may want to provide natural foods such as fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for your child.
Sugar
A common food myth is that sugar causes hyperactive behavior in children; however, there is little scientific evidence to support this. Since sugar tastes good to children, all children -- even those without ADHD -- may crave sugar. Research demonstrates that foods high in sugar do not cause hyper behavior, even in those who suffer from ADHD. While eating foods high in sugar does not increase ADHD, it can increase other problems in children such as obesity and tooth decay, so your child should still consume sugar in moderation.
Food Allergies
Unknown food allergies may increase hyperactive behavior due to your child's sensitivity to a particular food or ingredient. The connection between allergies and hyperactivity, however, is tenuous at best; past research has been conducted by feeding children "elimination diets," in which foods thought to be triggers are taken out of the child's diet. Unfortunately, some suspect that this causes the placebo effect. Currently, most scientists agree with the University of Maryland Medical Center's position that it is a myth that food allergies cause ADHD.
Diet and ADHD
Researchers now believe that ADHD is caused by biological factors such as maternal drug use during pregnancy or unusual brain activity. Since ingredients in foods have such a tenuous connection to ADHD, experts agree that you should be consult your physician before treating your child's ADHD with a diet eliminating possible triggers. Instead, focus on a healthy diet rich in natural foods with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and healthy fats, avoiding processed foods with problematic additives.
References
- University of Maryland Medical Center; Mental Health: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)/Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD); February 2008
- MayoClinic.com; Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children; John E. Huxsahl, M.D.; November 2009
- HealthyChildren.org; Your Child's Diet: A Cause and a Cure of ADHD?; August 2010
- ABC News; ADHD From Allergy? Study Shows Benefit From Diet Changes; Courtney Hutchison; February 2011
- University of Maryland Medical Center; Mental Health: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)/Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) - Causes; February 2008
