Attention-deficit disorder, also known as ADD, is a mental illness that is often diagnosed in children over the age of 5. This illness prevents a child from reaching his full potential by inhibiting him from remaining focused on tasks. Another form of this illness is attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. The root of that illness is the same as ADD; however, with ADHD, the child has uncontrollable bouts of hyperactivity that further limit his ability to focus. Although signs and symptoms of both illnesses can begin during the toddler years, it is most common to be diagnosed during school years.
Zoning Out
Children who have ADD or ADHD may "zone out," or appear to be in a daze. You may talk to the child and then be greeted with a "What did you say?" or similar question. Children who have ADD or ADHD have a difficult time focusing on one subject, especially when their mind is racing with so many thoughts. They can become easily distracted by these thoughts that they ignore -- however, not on purpose -- the situations around them.
Easily Distracted
Keeping a child on track when he has ADD or ADHD is difficult. For example, a child may be asked to color a picture but a toy on the shelf takes his attention away from the task at hand. Or he may be asked in class about the what he ate for supper last night, but the thought of going outside for recess is on his mind so he changes the subject.
Children with ADD and ADHD require constant reminders as to what task they are working on. Redirection when his thoughts and attention wander to another area will help your child complete the original task.
Poor Self-Control
When a child has ADHD, he may experience poor self-control. Frequent outbursts and the inability to sit down for long periods of time go hand in hand with this illness. For example, a child with ADHD may interrupt class to announce that he bought a new toy yesterday. Poor self-control also includes hyperactivity. This is where a child has so much energy that it is hard for him to relax and, sometimes, sleep.
Trouble In School
One of the first indications that parents have that there may be an issue with their child is when notes come in from school in regard to their child's behavior and progress with schoolwork. It is not uncommon for a child who has ADD or ADHD to suffer from poor grades as well as have behavior issues during school. It is important to talk to your child's teacher about his behavior and where he is with learning when compared to his peers. Express concern over other symptoms you have witnessed and explain that you are concerned about your child having ADD or ADHD.
References
- "Parenting Children with ADHD: 10 Lessons That Medicine Cannot Teach (APA Lifetools)"; Vincent J. Monastra; 2005
- "Taking Charge of ADHD: The Complete, Authoritative Guide for Parents (Revised Edition)"; Russell A. Barkley; 2000
