The initial painlessness of radiation therapy belies its acute side effects. Used to treat cancer, radiation therapy, or radiation oncology, uses energy waves to destroy cancer cells and prevent them from reproducing, according to the Rush University Medical Center. This radiation can damage normal cells alongside cancerous cells, causing various side effects ranging from hair loss to skin irritation. Symptoms vary widely in terms of type and intensity depending on the individual. Always discuss your symptoms with your doctor.
Nausea
Radiation therapy in the regions of the stomach or abdomen can cause nausea accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting a few hours after treatment, according to the Rush University Medical Center. Eating a light meal or skipping a meal before your treatment may help reduce the nausea. These side effects are often temporary. Once your treatment ends they will most likely disappear. To prevent nausea, the National Cancer Institute recommends eating meals without beverages. Your doctor may prescribe anti-nausea medications to help provide relief .
Skin Irritation
Radiation can irritate the skin, giving it a reddish or dark appearance similar to a suntan, called hyper-pigmentation. This condition may become acute in some patients. Reducing your exposure to sunlight, avoid extreme temperatures and taking care of your skin can help relieve or reduce skin irritation. Applying aloe vera may also help, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Skin dryness may accompany the redness, according to the University of Colorado Hospital.
Fatigue
Many cancer patients experience fatigue, according to the Rush University Medical Center. It often vanishes after radiation therapy is completed. Stress, pain and sleep loss may influence the amount of fatigue you experience. Rest, limiting your activities and asking friends and family for help with tasks may help you conserve energy and reduce feelings of fatigue. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, ginseng may help reduce fatigue. Talk to your doctor before taking any supplements, as it could interfere with your medications.
Hair Loss
You may experience hair loss, or alopecia, at the site of radiation treatment. For example, radiation treatment to the head may cause hair loss on your scalp. Your hair will likely grow back after the treatment ceases. The Rush University Medical Center recommends wigs, hats, scarves or a short haircut to help you deal emotionally with hair loss. Higher doses of radiation could cause the hair loss to become permanent.
