The postpartum period signifies numerous maternal changes, both physiologically and psychologically. A common phenomenon women experience after pregnancy is the "baby blues." It is characterized by feelings of overwhelming sadness and helplessness. This is considered part of the emotional transition they encounter and must overcome.
Origin
Baby blues can transpire unexpectedly within a few days to a few months after giving birth. According to Adele Pillitteri in "Maternal & Child Nursing: Care of the Childbearing & Childrearing Family," they are triggered by changes in hormone levels that occur after delivery of the placenta, when estrogen and progesterone diminish. Moreover, it can be a reaction to a feeling of being dependent and apprehensive. This might stem from a new mother's physical distress, anxiety, worry from her new role or lack of support from her partner or family. These bouts of melancholy can last minutes or a few hours. Typically, baby blues should wane 10 days after pregnancy.
Symptoms
Tearfulness, increased sensitivity, feelings of incompetence, mood swings and sleep disturbance are some of the indications of this syndrome. Women who experience baby blues cry for no reason and burst into tears easily. They feel irritable and let down. Their mood also might vary from happy to sad one in under a minute. They usually are tired and fatigued. In addition, they sometimes report difficulty sleeping even if their baby is asleep.
Interventions
Support groups such as the spouse, family and friends should be aware of what the new mother is undergoing. They should be knowledgeable and capable in guiding her. Reassuring the woman that her sudden tearfulness is normal will alleviate her anxieties and promote understanding of her situation. Furthermore, encouraging her to verbalize her feelings might ease her tension, and allowing her to make decisions gives her a sense of control and can erase worries about ineptitude. To maintain a healthy physique, she should have a well-balanced diet. Lastly, listening to her and staying by her side are the most important aspects to conquer baby blues. She will no longer feel alone and isolated in her responsibility.
Disparity
Baby blues should be differentiated from a more serious level of postpartum depression. This condition extends after 10 days and can last more than a year. It is evidenced by extreme fatigue, increased anxiety, inability to stop crying and other symptoms that hinder day-to-day activities and recuperation. This type of psychological disorder requires formal counseling and psychiatric care.
References
- American Pregnancy Association: Baby Blues
- "Maternal & Child Nursing: Care of the Childbearing & Childrearing Family (5th Ed)"; A. Pillitteri; 2007
- MayoClinic.com: Postpartum Depression
