Cholesterol medications, or statins, can be very effective at reducing cholesterol. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is considered a "bad" cholesterol because it circulates in the blood vessels and can cause a buildup and obstruction in blood flow. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered to be a "good" cholesterol. According to the American Heart Association, HDL may carry cholesterol from the blood vessels back to the liver and excreted from the body. Medications that improve cholesterol levels are very effective in reducing vascular disease; however, you must be aware of potential side effects of these drugs.
Effect on Muscles
A meta-analysis in 2006, in the journal Clinical Therapeutics, found that statin medications had notable side effects on muscles. Myalgia, or muscle pain, can occur when taking a statin. Although this is harmless, it could point to other side effects being present. A rare, but more serious side effect of statin use is myopathy, or the breakdown of muscles. This breakdown in muscle can progress to rhabdomyolysis, a more severe muscular breakdown. This increases creatine phosphokinase (CPK), which is the byproduct of muscle breakdown. CPK can then clog the kidneys resulting in acute renal failure. Alert your doctor immediately if you have abnormal muscle weakness or pain.
Effect on the Liver
Statins can also have an adverse effect on the liver, which is observed through liver function test (LFTs). Your doctor will most likely monitor your LFTs to make sure you are not damaging your liver by taking these medications. However, they return to normal after sustained use, or when discontinued.
Summary
Statins are relatively safe medications to take. They are very effective in reducing the risk of vascular disease when taken properly. Although statins are effective, you still must control your dietary intake of fatty foods. Remember, if you are experiencing muscle cramps or weakness, or have abnormally dark urine, see your doctor.
