Patellar subluxation is a condition where the patella, or kneecap, slips out of the socket slightly and then right back in. The kneecap fits into a groove at the end of the femur. When subluxation occurs the kneecap slides out of this groove, most often to the side of the leg. The condition can range in severity and symptoms may vary.
Symptoms
Symptoms of patellar subluxation can vary according to the severity of the dislocation. Some may notice clicking or popping when straightening the leg. Pain can also occur when the kneecap dislocates. In more severe cases, swelling and soreness may result.
Causes
Dislocation of the kneecap is most often caused by improper alignment of the kneecap. This cause may be corrected through strengthening exercises and therapy, although surgical repair is often needed to keep subluxation from reoccurring. Subluxation can also occur as result of direct impact or forced leg straightening.
Treatment
Rest, ice and compression are the most common methods of treatment for dislocation of the patella. Combining these three factors can help reduce the swelling and pain that occurs with dislocation and promote healing. Symptoms that do not diminish after taking these measures or worsen should be evaluated by your doctor. A brace may be recommended to help stabilize the kneecap, especially when participating in sports. In situations of recurrent subluxation surgical repair may be needed.
Prevention
Dislocation of the kneecap cannot be avoided completely, especially when participating in contact sports. Strengthening muscles of the thigh can help decrease the likelihood of patellar subluxation. Stronger muscles are able to provide more stability to the knee, helping keep the kneecap in place.
