Working your abdominal muscles can bulk them up and make them more defined, but if you're pushing your abs too hard, you may injure them or cause them to cramp -- both of which can be painful. If you have an underlying gastrointestinal problem, working your abs may make it worse, leading to pain. Structural problems in your abdominal region, such as a hernia, can also cause pain in some circumstances. If you experience lower abdominal pain consistently while working your abdominal muscles, consult a doctor. Seek immediate medical attention if the pain you feel is severe or gets worse.
Muscle Cramps
Muscle cramps are the result of the involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. The pain from a mild muscle cramp is characterized by a dull ache or pulling sensation, while a severe cramp is felt as a sharp, stabbing pain. Your abdominal muscles are particularly prone to cramping because they are so short and tend to stay contracted when worked. While the exact cause of cramps are not known, certain conditions are known to increase the likelihood they will occur, including dehydration, eating too soon before exercising, electrolyte imbalances and muscle fatigue. To avoid cramps, stay hydrated, avoid eating a full meal fewer than two to four hours before working out and eat a nutritious, balanced diet. Avoid over exerting your abdominal muscles and don't exercise them if you are fatigued. Consuming a sports drink or water enhanced with electrolytes can also help. Avoid drinking beverages that are high in sugar and salt content, because they have been known to contribute to cramps. Most cramps will disappear on their own after several minutes, but stretching the affected area while massaging it can help.
Injuries
An abdominal muscle strain occurs when there is a small tear in the muscle, which can result in mild discomfort in less severe cases, to a sharp, stabbing pain in more severe instances. If you are working your muscles excessively, have improper form or twist your body too sharply, you are more likely to have an abdominal muscle strain. In addition to pain, you might have other symptoms, including stiffness, swelling, bruising and increased pain when touching or moving the affected area. If you suspect injury, rest your abdominal muscles and apply an ice pack for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, four times a day for one to two days. Consult your doctor for further guidance and treatment. To prevent abdominal injury, stretch your abdominal muscles before working out and work out within your limits.
Hernias
A hernia occurs when the there is a tear or hole in the wall of your abdominal cavity. As a result, your tissue or intestines poke through the hole or tear and form a lump or bump. While most hernias are not painful, they can be if the tissue or intestine gets stuck. The lower abdominal area, medically referred to as your inguinal region, is a common place for hernias to occur. If you notice a lump in that area, particularly while working your abdominal muscles, consult a doctor.
Gastrointestinal and Other Issues
Problems with your gastrointestinal tract can lead to painful sensations when working your abdominal muscles. The resulting pain from a GI issue will sometimes be accompanied by other symptoms, including bloating, nausea, gas, belching and heartburn. Problems with your kidneys and urinary tract can also cause abdominal pain, and working your abdominal muscles may exacerbate the problem or cause symptoms to appear. If you experience any GI symptoms or have pain consistently while working your abs, consult a doctor.
