Gout is a type of arthritis caused by a build up of uric acid. Characterized by achy, swollen joints in the legs and feet, gout is a painful condition that often affects men more than women. Gout may also be hereditary, but its exact cause is unknown. Eating or drinking foods high in purines, like meat and alcohol, don't cause gout, but such foods can aggravate existing cases of gout.
Uric Acid and Gout
Your body creates uric acid when it breaks down substances called purines, which are found in certain meats, seafood and certain drinks. Eating high amounts of these foods increases uric acid levels. Typically, uric acid dissolves in the blood and is passed out of the body through the kidneys. However, high levels of uric acid or an abnormality in the excretion process can cause uric acid crystals in your blood to accumulate around your joints. These crystals cause swelling and pain, and your joint will often turn red. Diabetes, obesity and kidney conditions increase your risk of gout. Management and treatment often involve medication as well as dietary restrictions.
Diet's Role in Gout
Gout is not caused by eating foods high in purines; excess purines and the resulting uric acid formation can, however, aggravate symptoms or cause the condition to flare up. Controlling your diet can help you manage your gout symptoms, but it may not be enough to treat your condition without additional medication. If you are overweight, Mayoclinic.com recommends losing weight to help lower your risk of attacks. Lose weight gradually, as rapid weight loss can also trigger flare-ups.
Low Purine Diet
Organ meats, herring, anchovies, mackerel, red meat, fatty fish and seafood are especially high in purines. Limiting the amounts of animal protein consumed to 4 to 6 oz. per day is recommended to avoid gout attacks. Plant-based proteins, like beans, can replace the animal protein in your diet. Avoid drinking alcohol, especially if you are having a flare-up. Limiting sugar, drinking plenty of water and choosing complex carbohydrates, like whole grains, can also help purge your diet of excess purines.
Treatment Options
Your doctor may recommend nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as well as stronger pain killers or steroids to help reduce inflammation and pain. If your kidney function plays a role in your gout attacks, treatment may focus on your renal system. Medications that block uric acid production and aid in uric acid excretion are also available. Talk to your doctor about your condition and discuss your treatment options.
