The olecranon is the anatomical label for the bony portion of the ulna, which is more commonly known as the elbow. The elbow can sustain varying types of fractures, including avulsion, transverse and comminuted. Since elbow motion is the foundation to later rehabilitation goals, like strengthening, range of motion exercises are introduced fairly early in the rehabilitation process.
Considerations
It is common for an olecranon fracture to require surgical setting. Even if a fracture seems stable, medical professionals X-ray it after a week to confirm that it has not slipped out of place. After the bone has been set, two to three weeks of immobilization are required. Range of motion exercises are initiated immediately after immobilization has finished.
Flexion
Flexion is the forward bending motion of the elbow joint. To initiate flexion, begin by standing, facing a wall. Place your forearms flat against the wall, palms facing down. Move your body toward the wall. The closer you move, the greater elbow flexion is required. Hold the position for 30 seconds and repeat three to five times.
Extension
The elbow's natural range of motion is 0 degrees of extension. However, 0 degrees of extension remains difficult to achieve after immobilization of a fracture. Lie on your back on the floor. Begin with your elbow comfortably flexed, palm facing up. Have a partner help you straighten the elbow, moving the wrist as close to the floor as you can. Hold the position for 30 seconds and repeat three to five times.
Pronation
Pronation is referring to the inward rotation of the elbow joint. To regain this movement, sit at a desk with your forearm resting on the surface. Begin with your thumb up. Slowly flatten the palm down on the desk and use your healthy hand to assist further rotation. Hold for 30 seconds and repeat three to five times.
Supination
Supination refers to the outward rotation of the elbow. To increase this movement, sit at a desk with your forearm resting in front of you, thumb up. Slowly rotate the elbow, moving the back of the hand closer to the desk. Assist the movement by adding pressure with your healthy arm. Hold for 30 seconds and repeat three to five times.
References
- "Trail Guide to the Body"; Andrew Biel; 2005
- "Skeletal Trauma"; Bruce D. Browner, et al.; 2009
- "Clinical Guide to Sports Injuries"; Roald Bahr, et al.; 2004
- "Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty"; Gerald R. Williams, et al.; 2004
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