Constipation is one of the most common conditions children experience and it is also one of the most uncomfortable. Environmental and lifestyle factors are the most frequent causes of constipation, so if your child is suffering from chronic, ongoing constipation, it's important to examine her diet and overall health.
Holding Bowel Movements
Pediatrician and author William Sears reports that constipation tends to perpetuate itself. When a child experiences the pain of a hard stool, she may resist having a bowel movement. The stool then becomes harder and so does the bowel movement. Children who have suffered from recurring constipation may associate bowel movements with pain and avoid defecating at all costs.
Dietary Problems
Some foods tend to exacerbate gastrointestinal problems, particularly constipation. White bread is not fortified with fiber, and its additives can irritate the stomach. Soda and other sugary drinks as well as heavily processed foods may also contribute to constipation. Babies who eat formula may react to some formulas by becoming constipated. Parents should note that breastfed babies tend to have less frequent bowel movements than other babies. This is normal and the child is likely not constipated.
Dehydration
In order for a stool to be sufficiently soft, it must absorb water in the intestines. Children who are chronically dehydrated, or who drink sugary sodas and juices, are therefore susceptible to dehydration. Provide your child with constant access to water and discourage her from drinking soda, juice from concentrate, fruit punch and other dehydration-causing drinks.
Treatment in Babies
An over-the-counter glycerin suppository is often the quickest and most effective way to treat constipation in infants, according to Dr. Sears. Remove sweetened juices and cow's milk from your baby's diet if she is constipated. In some cases, chronic constipation is caused by a weakening of the large intestine. This weakening is itself frequently caused by constipation, creating a vicious cycle. Consult with your baby's pediatrician, who may recommend diet changes to help re-train your child's intestines.
Treatment in Children
Natural laxatives like prune juice, blueberry juice and raisins are often excellent tools for alleviating constipation in older children. Feed your child oatmeal or cereal fortified with fiber, both of which can help with constipation. Give your child lots of water and encourage him to relax and breathe. This may help to eliminate the anxiety that often comes with constipation, making it easier for your child to have a bowel movement.
Calling the Doctor
Your child needs to be checked by a pediatrician if he has severe, recurring constipation. You should also call the doctor if your child is passing blood in his stool, if he has eaten a new food and become constipated or if he is constipated and vomiting.
References
- "The Portable Pediatrician"; William Sears, et al.; 2011
- Ask Dr. Sears: Constipation
- "Health, Safety and Nutrition for the Young Child"; Lynn R. Marotz; 2011
- Mayo Clinic; Constipation in Children; Mayo Clinic Staff
