Diarrhea is defined by frequent, watery bowel movements and may be the result of a number of different causes. Diarrhea in infants may be more difficult to diagnose since loose or watery stool in breastfed infants is generally normal unless the stool contains mucus or blood or develops a new bad odor. Diarrhea signs and symptoms typically last for two or three days, but diarrhea lasting for much longer may be a sign of a more serious condition.
Causes
Diarrhea in children may be the result of a number of harmless or potentially serious health conditions. Many children experience mild or temporary lactose intolerance, therefore dairy consumption increases their risk of developing diarrhea. Chronic diarrhea in children may be the result of digestive disorders such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, microscopic colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. Viruses and bacterial infections like the rotavirus are common causes of acute childhood diarrhea.
Symptoms
Symptoms of diarrhea in children can be particularly severe. Infants and children are at serious risk for becoming dehydrated, which can potentially be life threatening. Other symptoms include abdominal cramps, poor eating, acting sick, abdominal pain, fever, blood in the stool and bloating.
Treatment
If your child has mild diarrhea, he can be treated at home with starchy foods and plenty of fluids with the exception of fruit juices and sodas, which can make diarrhea symptoms worse. Antibiotics may help treat diarrhea caused by parasites or bacteria. If the diarrhea is cause by an underlying condition, that condition must be treated to relieve diarrhea symptoms. A gastroenterologist may help devise a specific treatment plan for children experiencing chronic diarrhea due to an underlying illness.
When to Consult Your Pediatrician
Because diarrhea can lead to dehydration very quickly, contact your child's pediatrician if diarrhea persists for more than 24 hours. Signs of dehydration include a lack of urine for over eight hours, no tears with crying and a very dry mouth. Consult your child's pediatrician immediately if your child has bloody stool or a fever of more than 105 degrees Fahrenheit that has not improved two hours after taking medication.
