It's difficult to distinguish the difference between the common cold and seasonal allergies in children because the symptoms are similar. According to MayoClinic.com seasonal allergies, also called hay fever, do not cause a fever. A fever is a sign of an infection in the body that needs to be evaluated by your doctor. Knowing the differences between a cold and allergies can help you treat your child's symptoms.
Seasonal Allergies
Seasonal allergies can cause cold-like symptoms to develop shortly after your child is exposed to common allergens. Allergens are substances that cause the immune system to overreact, although the substances are safe for most people. Most seasonal allergies are airborne particles that your child inhales, such as mold spores, pollen, pet dander or dust mites. Unlike cold symptoms, allergy symptoms come on suddenly and subside once the allergen is removed from the child's environment. There is no cure for seasonal allergies, aside from avoiding exposure to the allergen.
Common Symptoms
Similar symptoms shared between the two conditions include coughing, fatigue, itchy eyes, watery eyes, sneezing, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion and post-nasal drip. Two unique symptoms that are never associated with seasonal allergies but are always the result of the common cold are aches and a fever. The common cold is an upper-respiratory viral infection that is killed by the immune system. Your body temperature rises to attempt to eliminate the virus from your body.
Sinusitis Consideration
It's possible that if your child has severe seasonal allergies that cause chronic symptoms, she may develop a secondary infection in the sinuses, which could cause a fever. A sinus infection occurs when the tissues of the sinus cavity become inflamed and swollen. The inflammation blocks the ability to drain mucus through the nostrils, creating a moist and warm environment where bacteria can grow. A sinus infection also can cause headaches, thick, yellow nasal drainage and facial tenderness.
Treatment
If your child has a fever, call your doctor for an appointment. Seasonal allergies are treated with antihistamines, decongestants and pain relievers to help reduce symptoms. The most effective way to treat seasonal allergies is to limit your child's exposure to potential allergens. Keep the windows and doors closed during summer months, remove all visible mold, keep animals at a distance and maintain a dust-free environment. If your child is diagnosed with the common cold, your doctor will recommend rest, a modified diet and increased fluid intake.
