Diet plays a major role in managing certain diseases, like chronic kidney disease and gout. Following a strict diet for one condition can be difficult; adding a second into the mix can be even tougher. Always check with your doctor or dietitian before starting any type of diet because they are the ones familiar with your medical history and current medications.
Stage 3 Kidney Disease Dietary Goals
With stage 3 kidney disease, the main goals of diet are to prevent malnutrition and muscle loss, provide adequate protein, and to treat the problems associated with vitamin and mineral absorption, excretion and usage within the body. This needs to be done while simultaneously maintaining a low-protein diet. The recommendation for a healthy individual is to have 0.8 g of protein per kg of body weight. For a person with stage 3 kidney disease, this is reduced to between 0.6 to 0.75 g per kg of body weight. In addition, at least half of this protein should come from high biological value sources, which include animal products like eggs, milk, beef and fish, as well as plant sources like corn. Calorie intakes should be maintained at about 35 calories per kg of body weight. Sodium restrictions vary by patient. Lastly, phosphorus intakes should be roughly 10 mg per kg of body weight, which is slightly less than the general recommendation for the population.
Dietary Goals for Gout
Dietary goals with the inflammatory disease gout are centered around decreasing the consumption of purine-rich foods. Purines are a family of compounds rich in nitrogen. Two more commonly known purines are adenine and guanine, which are part of DNA and RNA structure. Anchovies, sardines, fish roe, nutritional yeast, meat-based gravies, meat extracts, kidney, liver and sweetbread -- pancreas and thymus -- are very high in purine and should be avoided. Other foods moderately high in purines include asparagus, cauliflower, mushrooms, spinach, dried legumes, oatmeal, wheat germ and bran, meat, fish, poultry, and soups made from these. These foods should be avoided as well. In addition to avoiding purine-rich foods, weight loss and a decrease in alcohol consumption are recommended.
Breakfast for Gout and Stage 3 Kidney Disease
Breakfast options include cold cereal and milk with fruit, an English muffin with a small amount of nut butter and a glass of juice, or half a bagel with hummus, lettuce, tomato and onion and a piece of fruit. Including carbohydrates, a small amount of protein and a fruit serving at each breakfast is a good outline to use. Keep in mind that even though eggs are a high biological protein and are not restricted with gout, they are high in protein, which is limited with stage 3 kidney disease. Limit them to one per day.
Lunch and Dinner for Stage 3 Kidney Disease and Gout
Sandwiches are a good option for lunch or dinner, but choose nonmeat options like hummus or eggplant dip and low-sodium cheeses. Salads and other vegetable-based dishes are a good option, but remember to avoid using spinach, mushrooms, asparagus and cauliflower because they are high in purines. Experiment with different grains like barley, couscous and quinoa. Mix them with allowable vegetables and dried fruit to eat hot or cold as a side dish or entree.
References
- "Nutrition Therapy and Pathophysiology"; Marcia Nelms, Kathryn Sucher, Sara Long; 2007
