HCG diets call for very low calorie meal plans and the use of HCG supplements. HCG, or human chorionic gonadotropin, is a hormone produced by the human body during pregnancy. Proponents of HCG weight loss programs claim that HCG supplements help curb hunger and increase fat burning potential, especially in difficult areas such as the arms, thighs and buttocks. Critics of these diet programs note that the Federal Drug Administration has not approved HCG for use in dieting, and note that the hormone and the diets plans may present a variety of health risks to users.
Low Calorie Diet
The majority of HCG diet programs limit daily food intake to between 500 and 800 calories. Critics note that these extremely low calorie restrictions may leave users malnourished over the long term and should only be used in medically supervised weight loss plans. Dieters may experience fatigue, weakness, low blood sugar and lightheadedness, which could lead to physical complications such as lowered blood pressure or fainting spells.
Unregulated Products
MayoClinic.com notes that many HCG products that are marketed on the internet are not regulated by the FDA and users may place themselves at risk of ingesting unknown substances. Prescription grade HCG can only be provided by a licensed physician, and when it is used for weight loss purposes it is being used for "off label" purposes, not approved by the FDA.
Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Risks
The hormone HCG is associated with a variety of cardiovascular risks. Use of supplements may result in the development of blood clots and increased risk of stroke. In addition, the rapid weight loss produced by most HCG diet programs can result in the development of gallstones, which may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort over the long term.
Expert Insights
The health risks associated with HCG have caused many critics to question its use in diet and weight loss programming. In addition, there is currently no proof that use of HCG or HCG diet plans will result in lasting weight loss, and they may, in fact, put users at risk of weight gain or "yo-yo" dieting. Critics of these plans note that many dieters may have longer lasting results by following a balanced, low calorie diet and exercise plan that encourages gradual weight loss and long term weight management.
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