Cardiovascular exercise and strength training aren't interchangeable; to achieve real fitness, you should do both. However, most of the cardio machines you find in the gym focus on working your large hip and leg muscles rhythmically, which does provide some toning and strengthening for your lower body. Even if you have upper-body injuries or disabilities, you can still exercise with any lower-body cardio machine except the rower.
Treadmill
If you can walk, you can exercise on the treadmill. Start the belt moving slowly, then hold onto the handlebars as you step onto the belt. Gradually adjust the belt speed, then walk or run without holding onto the handlebars if possible; holding on throws off your balance and affects your stride.
Elliptical Trainer
If you struggle with the repeated impact of running or walking on a treadmill, you may prefer exercising on an elliptical trainer. Your feet never leave the pedals, so you can run or walk as hard as you want without enduring a constant pounding. However, some exercisers complain of joint pain or foot numbness if the elliptical trainer forces you into improper body alignment, so let physical comfort be your guide to whether any given elliptical is appropriate for you.
Rower
Stationary rowers work not just your legs but your entire body. Your legs and hips power each initial stroke, with your back, core, arm and shoulder muscles finishing the stroke. Rowing ergometers offer a surprisingly difficult workout when used properly, so focus on maintaining proper technique, even if you have to reduce the machine's resistance.
Steppers and Stepmills
Like rowers, stair steppers and stepmills offer a surprisingly stiff workout. The downside is that, depending on the machine, steppers may only work your lower body through a partial range of motion. However, no other gym machine simulates --- and thus prepares you for --- running stairs or hiking a steep mountain as well as the stepper.
Stationary Bike
Gym bikes come in three general types: upright bikes, which closely resemble a real bike; recumbent bikes, which have wider, flatter seats and rudimentary back support, and position you lower and further back than an upright bike; and group fitness bikes, which most closely resemble real bikes and offer fewer electronic gadgets but greater adjustability. Bikes offer an intense low-impact workout, and if you struggle with balance and stability, you may be more comfortable sitting on a bike than walking on a treadmill or pedaling an elliptical.
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